Robust Counterpart Models for Fresh Agricultural Product Routing Planning Considering Carbon Emissions and Uncertainty

Cold chain transportation guarantees the quality of fresh agricultural products in people’s lives, but it comes with huge environmental costs. In order to improve transportation efficiency and reduce environmental impact, it is crucial to quantify the routing planning problem under the impact of carbon emissions. Considering fixed costs, transportation costs, and carbon emission costs, we propose a mixed integer linear programming model with the aim of minimizing costs. However, in real conditions, uncertainty poses a great challenge to the rationality of routing planning. The uncertainty is described through robust optimization theory and several robust counterpart models are proposed. We take the actual transportation enterprises as the research object and verify the validity of the model by constructing a Benders decomposition algorithm. The results reveal that the increase in uncertainty parameter volatility forces enterprises to increase uncontrollable transportation costs and reduce logistics service levels. An increase in the level of security parameters could undermine the downward trend and reduce 1.4% of service level losses.