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Sustainable Development Goals for the Circular Economy and the Water-Food Nexus: Full Implementation of New Drip Irrigation Technologies in Upper Egypt

Author

Listed:
  • M. A. Abdelzaher

    (Environmental Science and Industrial Development Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt)

  • Mohamed M. Awad

    (Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt)

Abstract

Saving fresh water is a big challenge for the next generation due to enhanced living standards and population growth. In addition, the expansion of agricultural and industrial activities is causing unmatched demands for fresh water supplies across Egypt. The Nile River is Egypt’s main water resource, representing 69.4% of the total water resources, while rainwater, torrential water and groundwater, as well as recycled agricultural and sanitary drainage water and desalinated seawater, are estimated at about 30.6%. Smart drip irrigation systems are in great demand, especially in Upper Egypt. SDG’s of the circular economy and the WEF nexus lead to full implementation of drip irrigation systems, achieving ~6.6 BM 3 /year of direct saving from fresh water and/or doubling the cultivated area. In addition to PV tubes and other utilities, renewable energy, e.g, photovoltaic panels, will posses an important role in low-energy driven drip irrigation systems, reducing fossil-uses, CO 2 emissions and devolving more sustainable processes that are less dependent on conventional energy sources. The current research work is a case study of the substitution of flood with drip irrigation, and its positive advantages for the Egyptian agricultural economy and capital expenditures (capex), which depends on the country’s infrastructure and availability of utilities.

Suggested Citation

  • M. A. Abdelzaher & Mohamed M. Awad, 2022. "Sustainable Development Goals for the Circular Economy and the Water-Food Nexus: Full Implementation of New Drip Irrigation Technologies in Upper Egypt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:21:p:13883-:d:953341
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Manjari Manisha & Kavita Verma & Ramesh Narayanaswamy & Santrupt Raju Marigoudar & N. Chanakya Hoysall & Lakshminarayana Rao, 2026. "Role of indirect groundwater recharge using recycled water in promoting food security in semi-arid regions," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 28(3), pages 6491-6523, March.
    3. Francisco Javier López-Flores & Xate Geraldine Sánchez-Zarco & Eusiel Rubio-Castro & José María Ponce-Ortega, 2025. "A machine learning approach for optimizing the water-energy-food-ecosystem nexus: a resilience perspective for sustainability," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(4), pages 8863-8891, April.
    4. Hari Bhaskaran Anangapal & Bastin Jeyaraj & Kirubakaran Victor, 2026. "Optimization of India’s offshore wind farm capacity density - a case study," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 28(3), pages 7377-7397, March.
    5. Ahmed H. Mohammed & Ahmed N. Shmroukh & Nouby M. Ghazaly & Abd Elnaby Kabeel, 2026. "Performance analysis of an SPD integrated with a stepped pyramid solar still: experimental study," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 28(3), pages 7917-7936, March.
    6. M. Bhoopathi & Venkata Prasad Papana & ch. Venkata Krishna Reddy & U. Arun Kumar, 2026. "Unbalanced operation of integrated power distribution system for optimal energy flow using LSO-vCANNs approach," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 28(2), pages 4179-4203, February.
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