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Hybrid CHP/Geothermal Borehole System for Multi-Family Building in Heating Dominated Climates

Author

Listed:
  • Saeed Alqaed

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia)

  • Jawed Mustafa

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia)

  • Kevin P. Hallinan

    (Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469-0238, USA)

  • Rodwan Elhashmi

    (Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469-0238, USA)

Abstract

A conventional ground-coupled heat pump (GCHP) can be used to supplement heat rejection or extraction, creating a hybrid system that is cost-effective for certainly unbalanced climes. This research explores the possibility for a hybrid GCHP to use excess heat from a combined heat power (CHP) unit of natural gas in a heating-dominated environment for smart cities. A design for a multi-family residential building is considered, with a CHP sized to meet the average electrical load of the building. The constant electric output of the CHP is used directly, stored for later use in a battery, or sold back to the grid. Part of the thermal output provides the building with hot water, and the rest is channeled into the GCHP borehole array to support the building’s large heating needs. Consumption and weather data are used to predict hourly loads over a year for a specific multi-family residence. Simulations of the energies exchanged between system components are performed, and a cost model is minimized over CHP size, battery storage capacity, number of boreholes, and depth of the borehole. Results indicate a greater cost advantage for the design in a severely heated (Canada) climate than in a moderately imbalanced (Ohio) climate.

Suggested Citation

  • Saeed Alqaed & Jawed Mustafa & Kevin P. Hallinan & Rodwan Elhashmi, 2020. "Hybrid CHP/Geothermal Borehole System for Multi-Family Building in Heating Dominated Climates," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:18:p:7772-:d:416422
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yang, H. & Cui, P. & Fang, Z., 2010. "Vertical-borehole ground-coupled heat pumps: A review of models and systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 16-27, January.
    2. Levinson, Arik & Niemann, Scott, 2004. "Energy use by apartment tenants when landlords pay for utilities," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 51-75, March.
    3. Xuedan Zhang & Tiantian Zhang & Bingxi Li & Yiqiang Jiang, 2019. "Comparison of Four Methods for Borehole Heat Exchanger Sizing Subject to Thermal Response Test Parameter Estimation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-30, October.
    4. Elhashmi, Rodwan & Hallinan, Kevin P. & Chiasson, Andrew D., 2020. "Low-energy opportunity for multi-family residences: A review and simulation-based study of a solar borehole thermal energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    5. Yang, Weibo & Zhang, Heng & Liang, Xingfu, 2018. "Experimental performance evaluation and parametric study of a solar-ground source heat pump system operated in heating modes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 173-189.
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    Cited by:

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