IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v11y2019i19p5301-d270846.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Assessment of Entrepreneurial Traits and Small-Firm Performance with Entrepreneurial Orientation as a Mediating Factor

Author

Listed:
  • Tazeen Imran

    (Faculty of Management Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science & Technology, Block-5, Clifton, Karachi 75600, Pakistan)

  • Rizwan Raheem Ahmed

    (Faculty of Management Sciences, Indus University, Block-17, Gulshan, Karachi 75300, Pakistan)

  • Dalia Streimikiene

    (Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania)

  • Riaz Hussain Soomro

    (Institute of Health Management, Dow University of Health Sciences, Mission Road, Karachi 74200, Pakistan)

  • Vishnu Parmar

    (Institute of Business Administration, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Sindh, Pakistan)

  • Jolita Vveinhardt

    (Faculty of Economics and Management, Vytautas Magnus University, Daukanto str. 28, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania)

Abstract

Entrepreneurship is considered to be one of the most critical factors contributing to the successful performance of business, innovations, and growth of the economy. Entrepreneurship is the main driver of innovation and sustainable business. The purpose of this research is to assess the main traits that are deemed essential for the successful performance of a firm. A model is developed to assess how entrepreneurs’ creativity, self-efficacy, and achievement motivation influence the performance of small firms through the role of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) as a mediating variable. The hypotheses are tested by using Smart PLS (partial least squares path modeling) on a sample of 353 business owners to seek the insight of entrepreneurial traits on small-firm performance. The findings of the research show that self-efficacy and EO have a significant and positive association with the performance of a firm, while creativity and internal locus of control are fully mediated by EO. The subjective measures are used to examine the performance of a firm in terms of growth, sustainability, and financial performance, but the same can also be assessed by objective measures. The practical implication of this research provides entrepreneurs with a different perspective of the entrepreneurial traits that contribute to successful firm performance. The originality of the research lies in the attempt to explore the entrepreneurial traits that significantly influence the effectiveness of the performance of firms in the Pakistani context.

Suggested Citation

  • Tazeen Imran & Rizwan Raheem Ahmed & Dalia Streimikiene & Riaz Hussain Soomro & Vishnu Parmar & Jolita Vveinhardt, 2019. "Assessment of Entrepreneurial Traits and Small-Firm Performance with Entrepreneurial Orientation as a Mediating Factor," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-23, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:19:p:5301-:d:270846
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/19/5301/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/19/5301/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Keith D. Brouthers & George Nakos & Pavlos Dimitratos, 2015. "SME Entrepreneurial Orientation, International Performance, and the Moderating Role of Strategic Alliances," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(5), pages 1161-1187, September.
    2. Gregory G. Dess & Richard B. Robinson, 1984. "Measuring organizational performance in the absence of objective measures: The case of the privately‐held firm and conglomerate business unit," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 5(3), pages 265-273, July.
    3. Semrau, Thorsten & Ambos, Tina & Sascha Kraus,, 2016. "Entrepreneurial orientation and SME performance across societal cultures: An international study," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(5), pages 1928-1932.
    4. Jeffrey G. Covin & William J. Wales, 2012. "The Measurement of Entrepreneurial Orientation," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 36(4), pages 677-702, July.
    5. Martijn Adriaan Boermans & Daan Willebrands, 2017. "Entrepreneurship, risk perception and firm performance," International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 31(4), pages 557-569.
    6. Masood Ul Hassan & Zeeshan Iqbal & Maimoona Malik & Muhammad Iftkhar Ahmad, 2018. "Exploring the role of technological developments and open innovation in the survival of SMEs: an empirical study of Pakistan," International Journal of Business Forecasting and Marketing Intelligence, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 4(1), pages 64-85.
    7. repec:aud:audfin:v:20:y:2018:i:48:p:454 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Karl Wennberg & Saurav Pathak & Erkko Autio, 2013. "How culture moulds the effects of self-efficacy and fear of failure on entrepreneurship," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(9-10), pages 756-780, December.
    9. Baron, Robert A. & Mueller, Brandon A. & Wolfe, Marcus T., 2016. "Self-efficacy and entrepreneurs' adoption of unattainable goals: The restraining effects of self-control," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 55-71.
    10. Ian Fillis & Ruth Rentschler, 2010. "The Role Of Creativity In Entrepreneurship," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 18(01), pages 49-81.
    11. Chen, Chao C. & Greene, Patricia Gene & Crick, Ann, 1998. "Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers?," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 295-316, July.
    12. Andreas Rauch & Johan Wiklund & G.T. Lumpkin & Michael Frese, 2009. "Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance: An Assessment of past Research and Suggestions for the Future," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 33(3), pages 761-787, May.
    13. Raj V. Mahto & William C. McDowell, 2018. "Entrepreneurial motivation: a non-entrepreneur’s journey to become an entrepreneur," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 513-526, September.
    14. Lucía Garcés-Galdeano & Martín Larraza-Kintana & Carmen García-Olaverri & Marianna Makri, 2016. "Entrepreneurial orientation in family firms: the moderating role of technological intensity and performance," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 27-45, March.
    15. Rizwan Raheem Ahmed & Jolita Vveinhardt & Dalia Štreimikienė & Muhammad Ashraf & Zahid Ali Channar, 2017. "Modified SERVQUAL model and effects of customer attitude and technology on customer satisfaction in banking industry: mediation, moderation and conditional process analysis," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(5), pages 974-1004, September.
    16. Danny Miller, 1983. "The Correlates of Entrepreneurship in Three Types of Firms," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 29(7), pages 770-791, July.
    17. Rachid Zeffane, 2013. "Need For Achievement, Personality And Entrepreneurial Potential: A Study Of Young Adults In The United Arab Emirates," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(01), pages 75-105.
    18. Rizwan Raheem Ahmed & Jolita Vveinhardt & Dalia Streimikiene, 2018. "The Direct and Indirect Impact of Pharmaceutical Industry in Economic Expansion and Job Creation: Evidence from Bootstrapping and Normal Theory Methods," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 20(48), pages 454-454.
    19. Denise M. Cumberland & William R. Meek & Richard Germain, 2015. "Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy And Firm Performance In Challenging Environments: Evidence From The Franchise Context," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(01), pages 1-19.
    20. Anis Khedhaouria & Călin Gurău & Olivier Torrès, 2015. "Creativity, self-efficacy, and small-firm performance: the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 44(3), pages 485-504, March.
    21. Anis Khedhaouria & Călin Gurău & Olivier Torrès, 2015. "Creativity, self-efficacy, and small-firm performance: the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation," Post-Print hal-02011118, HAL.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Imeda Tsindeliani & Sebastian Kot & Evgeniya Vasilyeva & Levon Narinyan, 2019. "Tax System of the Russian Federation: Current State and Steps towards Financial Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Florentine U. Salmony & Dominik K. Kanbach, 2022. "Personality trait differences across types of entrepreneurs: a systematic literature review," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 713-749, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li Chen & Shaoming Zou & Hui Xu & Yiwen Chen, 2020. "Entrepreneurial Orientation in Multinational Corporations: Antecedents and Effects," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 60(1), pages 123-148, February.
    2. Wales, William J. & Kraus, Sascha & Filser, Matthias & Stöckmann, Christoph & Covin, Jeffrey G., 2021. "The status quo of research on entrepreneurial orientation: Conversational landmarks and theoretical scaffolding," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 564-577.
    3. Anis Khedhaouria & Călin Gurău & Olivier Torrès, 2015. "Creativity, self-efficacy, and small-firm performance: the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 44(3), pages 485-504, March.
    4. Jonas Hammerschmidt & Fabian Eggers & Sascha Kraus & Paul Jones & Matthias Filser, 2020. "Entrepreneurial orientation in sports entrepreneurship - a mixed methods analysis of professional soccer clubs in the German-speaking countries," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 839-857, September.
    5. Jonas Hammerschmidt & Fabian Eggers & Sascha Kraus & Paul Jones & Matthias Filser, 0. "Entrepreneurial orientation in sports entrepreneurship - a mixed methods analysis of professional soccer clubs in the German-speaking countries," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 0, pages 1-19.
    6. Jeffrey E. Stambaugh & John Martinez & G. T. Lumpkin & Niyati Kataria, 0. "How well do EO measures and entrepreneurial behavior match?," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 0, pages 1-21.
    7. Yan Ling & María Concepción López-Fernández & Ana María Serrano-Bedia & Franz W. Kellermanns, 2020. "Organizational culture and entrepreneurial orientation: examination through a new conceptualization lens," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 16(2), pages 709-737, June.
    8. Chonnatcha Kungwansupaphan & Jibon Kumar Sharma Leihaothabam, 2019. "Entrepreneurial Orientation, Performance And The Moderating Role Of Institutional Capital: A Case Study Of Female Entrepreneurs In Thailand," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 24(02), pages 1-20, June.
    9. Eggers, Fabian & Niemand, Thomas & Filser, Matthias & Kraus, Sascha & Berchtold, Jennifer, 2020. "To network or not to network – Is that really the question? The impact of networking intensity and strategic orientations on innovation success," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    10. Jeffrey G. Covin & William J. Wales, 2019. "Crafting High-Impact Entrepreneurial Orientation Research: Some Suggested Guidelines," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 43(1), pages 3-18, January.
    11. Pittino, Daniel & Visintin, Francesca & Lauto, Giancarlo, 2017. "A configurational analysis of the antecedents of entrepreneurial orientation," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 224-237.
    12. Gupta, Rakesh & Pandey, Ritesh & Sebastian, V.J., 2021. "International Entrepreneurial Orientation (IEO): A bibliometric overview of scholarly research," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 74-88.
    13. Li, Linwei & Jiang, Feifei & Pei, Yunlong & Jiang, Nengqian, 2017. "Entrepreneurial orientation and strategic alliance success: The contingency role of relational factors," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 46-56.
    14. Palmer, Carolin & Niemand, Thomas & Stöckmann, Christoph & Kraus, Sascha & Kailer, Norbert, 2019. "The interplay of entrepreneurial orientation and psychological traits in explaining firm performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 183-194.
    15. Dessì, Cinzia & Dettori, Angela & Floris, Michela, 2023. "Exploring different configurations of entrepreneurial orientation in small artisan family firms: A multi-case study," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 14(3).
    16. Unai Arzubiaga & Txomin Iturralde & Amaia Maseda & Josip Kotlar, 2018. "Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance in family SMEs: the moderating effects of family, women, and strategic involvement in the board of directors," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 217-244, March.
    17. Feifei Jiang & Gang Wang & Xu Jiang, 2019. "Entrepreneurial orientation and organizational knowledge creation: A configurational approach," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 36(4), pages 1193-1219, December.
    18. Eggers, Fabian & Niemand, Thomas & Kraus, Sascha & Breier, Matthias, 2020. "Developing a scale for entrepreneurial marketing: Revealing its inner frame and prediction of performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 72-82.
    19. Rizwan Ullah Khan & Yashar Salamzadeh & Hiroko Kawamorita & Gabor Rethi, 2021. "Entrepreneurial Orientation and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises’ Performance; Does ‘Access to Finance’ Moderate the Relation in Emerging Economies?," Vision, , vol. 25(1), pages 88-102, March.
    20. Jeffrey E. Stambaugh & John Martinez & G. T. Lumpkin & Niyati Kataria, 2017. "How well do EO measures and entrepreneurial behavior match?," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 13(3), pages 717-737, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:19:p:5301-:d:270846. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.