IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v10y2018i6p1696-d148496.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Growing Urbanization and the Impact on Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ) Dynamics

Author

Listed:
  • Lijian Han

    (State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China)

  • Weiqi Zhou

    (State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China)

  • Weifeng Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China)

Abstract

Changes in urban air quality and its relationship with growing urbanization provide an important insight into urban development strategies. Thus, we collected remotely sensed PM 2.5 concentrations, as well as urban population datasets, and analyzed the scaling relationship between changes in urban population and concentrations of PM 2.5 . The majority of large cities in North America and Europe had PM 2.5 concentrations which decreased significantly. Only 2.0% of large cities in the U.S. were found to have significant positive trends. PM 2.5 concentration trends of less than 0.5 μg/m 3 ·year were found in all large cities of Africa and Latin America. However, PM 2.5 concentration trends of more than 1.0 μg/m 3 ·year were found in 56.7% of the large cities in Asia, where only 2.3% of the cities in China were found with significant negative trends, and no cities in India were found with significant negative trends. Large cities in Asia were found with contributions of 4.12 ± 4.27 μg/m 3 ·year per million people, particularly large cities in China (5.40 ± 4.80 μg/m 3 ·year per million people) and India (4.07 ± 3.07 μg/m 3 ·year per million people). Significant negative or positive relationships were obtained between PM 2.5 trends and population change rates in large cities of North America (R 2 = 0.9195, p < 0.05) or Europe (R 2 = 0.9161, p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant inverse “U-type” relationship (R 2 = 0.8065, p < 0.05) was found between PM 2.5 trends and population change rates in large cities of Asia. In addition, the positive or negative relationships between the trends in population and PM 2.5 were obtained in typical low- and mid-income countries (e.g., China and India) or high-income countries (e.g., USA), respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Lijian Han & Weiqi Zhou & Weifeng Li, 2018. "Growing Urbanization and the Impact on Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ) Dynamics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-9, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:6:p:1696-:d:148496
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/6/1696/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/6/1696/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shivam Gupta & Edzer Pebesma & Jorge Mateu & Auriol Degbelo, 2018. "Air Quality Monitoring Network Design Optimisation for Robust Land Use Regression Models," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-27, May.
    2. Stern, David I. & Common, Michael S. & Barbier, Edward B., 1996. "Economic growth and environmental degradation: The environmental Kuznets curve and sustainable development," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 24(7), pages 1151-1160, July.
    3. Zhibo Wang & Lei Ke & Xiaohui Cui & Qi Yin & Longfei Liao & Lu Gao & Zhenyu Wang, 2017. "Monitoring Environmental Quality by Sniffing Social Media," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-14, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Szymon Firląg & Mariusz Rogulski & Artur Badyda, 2018. "The Influence of Marine Traffic on Particulate Matter (PM) Levels in the Region of Danish Straits, North and Baltic Seas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Shuai Liu & Fei Fan & Jianqing Zhang, 2019. "Are Small Cities More Environmentally Friendly? An Empirical Study from China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-16, February.
    3. Qingyu Fan & Shan Yang & Shuaibin Liu, 2019. "Asymmetrically Spatial Effects of Urban Scale and Agglomeration on Haze Pollution in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-18, December.
    4. Jinhuang Lin & An Zhang & Wenhui Chen & Mingshui Lin, 2018. "Estimates of Daily PM 2.5 Exposure in Beijing Using Spatio-Temporal Kriging Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-14, August.
    5. Xueyan Liu & Xiaolong Gao, 2018. "A New Study on Air Quality Standards: Air Quality Measurement and Evaluation for Jiangsu Province Based on Six Major Air Pollutants," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-16, October.
    6. Hongbin Dai & Guangqiu Huang & Jingjing Wang & Huibin Zeng & Fangyu Zhou, 2022. "Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of PM 2.5 Concentrations in China Based on Multiple Sources of Data and LUR-GBM during 2016–2021," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-20, May.
    7. Lei Yao & Wentian Xu & Ying Xu & Shuo Sun, 2022. "Examining the Potential Scaling Law in Urban PM2.5 Pollution Risks along with the Nationwide Air Environmental Effort in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-18, April.
    8. Wang, Xiaomin & Tian, Guanghui & Yang, Dongyang & Zhang, Wenxin & Lu, Debin & Liu, Zhongmei, 2018. "Responses of PM2.5 pollution to urbanization in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 602-610.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Hoang, Thi Hong Van & Mahalik, Mantu Kumar & Roubaud, David, 2017. "Energy consumption, financial development and economic growth in India: New evidence from a nonlinear and asymmetric analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 199-212.
    2. Zanin, Luca & Marra, Giampiero, 2012. "Assessing the functional relationship between CO2 emissions and economic development using an additive mixed model approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 1328-1337.
    3. Kaika, Dimitra & Zervas, Efthimios, 2013. "The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) theory. Part B: Critical issues," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 1403-1411.
    4. Yue, Shen & Munir, Irfan Ullah & Hyder, Shabir & Nassani, Abdelmohsen A. & Qazi Abro, Muhammad Moinuddin & Zaman, Khalid, 2020. "Sustainable food production, forest biodiversity and mineral pricing: Interconnected global issues," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    5. Yiridoe, Emmanuel K. & Nanang, David M., 2001. "An Econometric Analysis Of The Causes Of Tropical Deforestation: Ghana," 2001 Annual meeting, August 5-8, Chicago, IL 20750, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    6. Juan Antonio Duro & Jordi Teixidó-Figueras & Emilio Padilla, 2017. "The Causal Factors of International Inequality in $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ CO 2 Emissions Per Capita: A Regression-Based Inequality Decomposition Analysis," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 67(4), pages 683-700, August.
    7. Bradford David F. & Fender Rebecca A & Shore Stephen H. & Wagner Martin, 2005. "The Environmental Kuznets Curve: Exploring a Fresh Specification," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 4(1), pages 1-30, June.
    8. Ghimire, Narishwar & Woodward, Richard T., 2013. "Under- and over-use of pesticides: An international analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 73-81.
    9. Jha, Raghbendra & Murthy, K. V. Bhanu, 2003. "An inverse global environmental Kuznets curve," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 352-368, June.
    10. Shuaibing Zhang & Kaixu Zhao & Shuoyang Ji & Yafang Guo & Fengqi Wu & Jingxian Liu & Fei Xie, 2022. "Evolution Characteristics, Eco-Environmental Response and Influencing Factors of Production-Living-Ecological Space in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-26, July.
    11. G. Mythili & Shibashis Mukherjee, 2011. "Examining Environmental Kuznets Curve for river effluents in India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 13(3), pages 627-640, June.
    12. George Halkos & Iacovos Psarianos, 2016. "Exploring the effect of including the environment in the neoclassical growth model," Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, Springer;Society for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies - SEEPS, vol. 18(3), pages 339-358, July.
    13. Yang Shen & Xiuwu Zhang, 2022. "Study on the Impact of Environmental Tax on Industrial Green Transformation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-18, December.
    14. C. Seri & A. de Juan Fernandez, 2021. "The relationship between economic growth and environment. Testing the EKC hypothesis for Latin American countries," Papers 2105.11405, arXiv.org.
    15. Evangelos V. Dioikitopoulos & Sugata Ghosh & Eugenia Vella, 2016. "Technological Progress, Time Perception and Environmental Sustainability," Working Papers 2016002, The University of Sheffield, Department of Economics.
    16. Rothman, Dale S., 1998. "Environmental Kuznets curves--real progress or passing the buck?: A case for consumption-based approaches," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 25(2), pages 177-194, May.
    17. Chiu-Ming Hsiao, 2022. "Economic Growth, CO 2 Emissions Quota and Optimal Allocation under Uncertainty," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-26, July.
    18. Wilman-Santiago Ochoa-Moreno & Byron Alejandro Quito & Carlos Andrés Moreno-Hurtado, 2021. "Foreign Direct Investment and Environmental Quality: Revisiting the EKC in Latin American Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-18, November.
    19. Andreoni, James & Levinson, Arik, 2001. "The simple analytics of the environmental Kuznets curve," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(2), pages 269-286, May.
    20. Karp, Larry S. & Liu, Xuemei, 1998. "Valuing Tradeable Co2 Permits For Oecd Countries," CUDARE Working Papers 25054, University of California, Berkeley, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:6:p:1696-:d:148496. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.