IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v8y2020i6p975-d371597.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Linear Model Predictive Control for Physical Attractiveness and Risk: Application of Cosmetic Medicine Service

Author

Listed:
  • Li-Ling Liu

    (Department of Business Administration, CTBC Business School, No. 600, Sec. 3, Taijiang Blvd., Annan District, Tainan 709, Taiwan)

Abstract

In the online world, the “eyeball economy” has become mainstream. Whether regarding Internet cosmetic medicine endorsers or physical service providers, the topic of physical attractiveness has long been discussed in the field of medical beauty e-commerce. When receiving cosmetic medical services, consumers have frequent contact with employees. Physical attractiveness is the most apparent and easily observed employee characteristic, and consumers base their judgement and behavior on it. In this study, the relationship between the physical attractiveness of cosmetic service employees and consumers’ perceived risk is discussed and clarified. After 366 questionnaires were collected and analyzed, the results indicated that the physical attractiveness of cosmetic service employees was negatively associated with perceived financial, performance, physical, psychological, and social risk. The study offers suggestions for employers. They should recruit more attractive employees. This will increase consumer intention to purchase a service because the consumers’ perceived risks are reduced. It may also enhance repurchase intention and consumption frequency.

Suggested Citation

  • Li-Ling Liu, 2020. "Linear Model Predictive Control for Physical Attractiveness and Risk: Application of Cosmetic Medicine Service," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:8:y:2020:i:6:p:975-:d:371597
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/6/975/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/6/975/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Campbell, Margaret C & Goodstein, Ronald C, 2001. "The Moderating Effect of Perceived Risk on Consumers' Evaluations of Product Incongruity: Preference for the Norm," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 28(3), pages 439-449, December.
    2. Homburg, Christian & Stock, Ruth, 2004. "The Link Between Sales People’s Job Satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction in a Business-to-Business Context: A Dyadic Analysis," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 35550, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    3. Patzer, Gordon L., 1983. "Source credibility as a function of communicator physical attractiveness," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 11(2), pages 229-241, June.
    4. Homburg, Christian & Stock, Ruth, 2004. "The Link between Sales People’s Job Satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction in a Business-to-Business Context: A Dyadic Analysis," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 60486, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    5. Grewal, Dhruv & Gotlieb, Jerry & Marmorstein, Howard, 1994. "The Moderating Effects of Message Framing and," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 21(1), pages 145-153, June.
    6. Timothy McDaniels & Lawrence J. Axelrod & Paul Slovic, 1995. "Characterizing Perception of Ecological Risk," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(5), pages 575-588, October.
    7. Vladimir Hlasny, 2014. "A Hierarchical Process of Applicant Screening by Korean Employers," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 35(3), pages 246-270, September.
    8. Gabriel Szulanski & Rossella Cappetta & Robert J. Jensen, 2004. "When and How Trustworthiness Matters: Knowledge Transfer and the Moderating Effect of Causal Ambiguity," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 15(5), pages 600-613, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zheng, Shiyong & Chen, Jiada & Liao, Junyun & Hu, Hsin-Li, 2023. "What motivates users' viewing and purchasing behavior motivations in live streaming: A stream-streamer-viewer perspective," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Harmancioglu, Nukhet & Grinstein, Amir & Goldman, Arieh, 2010. "Innovation and performance outcomes of market information collection efforts: The role of top management team involvement," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 33-43.
    2. Jalal Hanaysha, 2016. "Testing the effects of food quality, price fairness, and physical environment on customer satisfaction in fast food restaurant industry," Journal of Asian Business Strategy, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 6(2), pages 31-40, February.
    3. Kwan Soo Hong & DonHee Lee, 2018. "Impact of operational innovations on customer loyalty in the healthcare sector," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 12(3), pages 575-600, September.
    4. Jeevan Jyoti & Jyoti Sharma, 2012. "Impact of Market Orientation on Business Performance: Role of Employee Satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction," Vision, , vol. 16(4), pages 297-313, December.
    5. Yee, Rachel W.Y. & Guo, Yujuan & Yeung, Andy C.L., 2015. "Being close or being happy? The relative impact of work relationship and job satisfaction on service quality," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 391-400.
    6. Mo Ran Yi, 2023. "Corporate Reputation and Users’ Behavioral Intentions: Is Reputation the Master Key That Moves Consumers?," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(1), pages 21582440231, February.
    7. Miriam Benitez & Jose M. Leon-Perez & Alejandro Orgambídez & Francisco J. Medina, 2021. "Interpersonal Conflicts in the Unit Impact the Service Quality Rated by Customers: The Mediating Role of Work-Unit Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-13, July.
    8. Díaz, Estrella & Martín-Consuegra, David & Esteban, Águeda, 2015. "Perceptions of service cannibalisation: The moderating effect of the type of travel agency," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 329-342.
    9. Baumgarth, Carsten & Binckebanck, Lars, 2010. "Sales force impact on B-to-B brand equity: Conceptual framework and empirical test," Arbeitspapiere der Nordakademie 2010-07, Nordakademie - Hochschule der Wirtschaft.
    10. Pontes, Nicolas & Palmeira, Mauricio & Jevons, Colin, 2017. "Brand expertise and perceived consistency reversals on vertical line extensions: The moderating role of extension direction," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 209-218.
    11. Yu, Wantao & Jacobs, Mark A. & Salisbury, W. David & Enns, Harvey, 2013. "The effects of supply chain integration on customer satisfaction and financial performance: An organizational learning perspective," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(1), pages 346-358.
    12. Brown, Steven P. & Lam, Son K., 2008. "A Meta-Analysis of Relationships Linking Employee Satisfaction to Customer Responses," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 84(3), pages 243-255.
    13. Kraus, Florian & Haumann, Till & Ahearne, Michael & Wieseke, Jan, 2015. "When Sales Managers and Salespeople Disagree in the Appreciation for Their Firm: The Phenomenon of Organizational Identification Tension," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 91(3), pages 486-515.
    14. Christ-Brendemühl, Sonja & Schaarschmidt, Mario, 2020. "The impact of service employees’ technostress on customer satisfaction and delight: A dyadic analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 378-388.
    15. Jalal Rajeh Hanaysha, 2017. "Impact of Social Media Marketing, Price Promotion, and Corporate Social Responsibility on Customer Satisfaction," Jindal Journal of Business Research, , vol. 6(2), pages 132-145, December.
    16. Müller-Stewens, Benedikt & Widener, Sally K. & Möller, Klaus & Steinmann, Jan-Christoph, 2020. "The role of diagnostic and interactive control uses in innovation," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    17. Wangenheim, Florian v. & Evanschitzky, Heiner & Wunderlich, Maren, 2007. "Does the employee-customer satisfaction link hold for all employee groups?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 60(7), pages 690-697, July.
    18. Mark Ojeme, 2017. "Assessing the Impact of Relationship Length in the SMEs and Bank Association," International Journal of Marketing Studies, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(5), pages 17-27, October.
    19. Singhapakdi, Anusorn & Sirgy, M. Joseph & Lee, Dong-Jin, 2010. "Is small business better than big business for marketing managers?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 63(4), pages 418-423, April.
    20. Elizabeth Chinomona & Tebogo Mofokeng, 2015. "The influence of workplace condition and employee satisfaction on employee committee in South African Companies," Journal of Business & Management (COES&RJ-JBM), , vol. 3(2), pages 356-369, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:8:y:2020:i:6:p:975-:d:371597. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.