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Child Fatalities in Tractor-Related Accidents in Rural Iceland, 1918–2024: A Historical Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Jónína Einarsdóttir

    (Faculty of Sociology, Anthropology and Folkloristics, School of Social Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-102 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Geir Gunnlaugsson

    (Faculty of Sociology, Anthropology and Folkloristics, School of Social Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-102 Reykjavík, Iceland)

Abstract

Children on farms face high risks of work- and non-work-related fatalities, with tractors being a significant contributor. This study examines children’s involvement in fatal tractor-related accidents within agriculture in Iceland from 1918 to 2024, explores adult reflections on childhood tractor-driving experiences, and analyses Members of Parliament’s arguments against setting a minimum age for off-road tractor driving. The data are based on parliamentary debates on tractor-related legislation, fatal tractor-related accidents documented in newspaper archives and supplementary sources, and narrative interviews with former summer children who stayed at farms during their childhoods. Over half of the 81 registered accidents involved children—primarily boys—with 75% occurring between 1958 and 1988, when no minimum age for off-road tractor driving existed. The fatality incidence rate for children was more than four times higher than for adults. Arguments against minimum age requirements for off-road driving included the need for child labour, children’s superior driving skills, and the denial that children were more often victims than adults. Since 1988, no child has died while driving a tractor. A human-centred approach focusing on the working conditions, driver capacity, and adherence to safety procedures and legal frameworks is needed to prevent future accidents.

Suggested Citation

  • Jónína Einarsdóttir & Geir Gunnlaugsson, 2024. "Child Fatalities in Tractor-Related Accidents in Rural Iceland, 1918–2024: A Historical Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(10), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:10:p:1295-:d:1487935
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Rodolfo E. Manuelli & Ananth Seshadri, 2014. "Frictionless Technology Diffusion: The Case of Tractors," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 104(4), pages 1368-1391, April.
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    4. Jessie Adams & Alison Kennedy & Jacqueline Cotton & Susan Brumby, 2021. "Child Farm-Related Injury in Australia: A Review of the Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-16, June.
    5. Daniel P. Gross, 2018. "Scale versus scope in the diffusion of new technology: evidence from the farm tractor," RAND Journal of Economics, RAND Corporation, vol. 49(2), pages 427-452, June.
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