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Neighborhood Built and Social Environments and Change in Weight Status over the Summer in Low-Income Elementary School Children

Author

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  • Rebecca Miles

    (Department of Urban & Regional Planning, College of Social Sciences, Florida State University (FSU), Tallahassee, FL 32306-2280, USA)

  • Yuxia Wang

    (Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, FSU College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4300, USA)

  • Suzanne Bennett Johnson

    (Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, FSU College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4300, USA)

Abstract

Neighborhoods can provide opportunities for children to maintain a healthy weight or encourage unhealthy weight gain. Which neighborhood characteristics matter most remains poorly understood. We investigated links between neighborhood characteristics and weight change over the summer in children from 12 elementary schools with a high proportion of children from low-income families, in a mid-sized city in the US South. Mixed models and objective measures of height and weight were used. Study participants were 2770 children (average age 8.3, range 5.6–12.6 years). Older and female children and those who were already overweight were more likely to gain weight over the summer compared to younger, male, and normal weight children. Overweight children who lived near 2 or more small grocery stores gained less weight than overweight children who lived near 0 (weight change, p = 0.0468; body mass index (BMI) change, p = 0.0209) or 1 store (weight change, p = 0.0136; BMI change, p = 0.0033). Normal weight children living in neighborhoods with more large multifamily buildings gained more weight over the summer, although this association only approached significance. Additional efforts to understand which neighborhood factors have greater significance for overweight compared to normal weight children are warranted.

Suggested Citation

  • Rebecca Miles & Yuxia Wang & Suzanne Bennett Johnson, 2018. "Neighborhood Built and Social Environments and Change in Weight Status over the Summer in Low-Income Elementary School Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-13, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:6:p:1124-:d:149823
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Powell, Lisa M. & Bao, Yanjun, 2009. "Food prices, access to food outlets and child weight," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 7(1), pages 64-72, March.
    2. Von Hippel, P.T. & Powell, B. & Downey, D.B. & Rowland, N.J., 2007. "The effect of school on overweight in childhood: Gain in body mass index during the school year and during summer vacation," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(4), pages 696-702.
    3. TaShauna U. Goldsby & Brandon J. George & Valerie A. Yeager & Bisakha P. Sen & Alva Ferdinand & Devon M. T. Sims & Bryn Manzella & Asheley Cockrell Skinner & David B. Allison & Nir Menachemi, 2016. "Urban Park Development and Pediatric Obesity Rates: A Quasi-Experiment Using Electronic Health Record Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-10, April.
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