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Urban Park Development and Pediatric Obesity Rates: A Quasi-Experiment Using Electronic Health Record Data

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  • TaShauna U. Goldsby

    (Office of Energetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
    Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA)

  • Brandon J. George

    (Office of Energetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA)

  • Valerie A. Yeager

    (Department of Global Health Management and Policy, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA)

  • Bisakha P. Sen

    (Department of Health Care Organization and Policy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA)

  • Alva Ferdinand

    (Department of Health Policy and Management, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Devon M. T. Sims

    (Scientific Technologies Corporation, Scottsdale, AZ 85258, USA)

  • Bryn Manzella

    (Jefferson County Department of Health, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA)

  • Asheley Cockrell Skinner

    (Division of General Internal Medicine, The Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA)

  • David B. Allison

    (Office of Energetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
    Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
    Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA)

  • Nir Menachemi

    (Department Health Policy and Management, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA)

Abstract

Introduction : Childhood obesity affects ~20% of children in the United States. Environmental influences, such as parks, are linked with increased physical activity (PA). Objective : To examine whether changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) z-score were associated with construction of a new park. Methods : A quasi-experimental design was used to determine whether living in proximity of a park was associated with a reduction in BMI z-score. Children were selected from health clinics within an 11 mile radius of the park. A repeated-measure ANOVA was employed for analysis of the relationship between exposure (new park) and BMI z-score. Results : Participants were 1443 (median age 10.3 range (2–17.9 years), BMI: z-score 0.84 ± 1.09) African American (77.4%) adolescents. Change in BMI z-score was not statistically different for children living at different distances from the park after controlling for age, gender, race, ethnicity, or payer type ( p = 0.4482). We did observe a small 0.03 increase in BMI z-score from pre- to post-park ( p = 0.0007). There was a significant positive association between child’s baseline age and BMI z-score ( p < 0.001). Conclusions : This study found proximity to a park was not associated with reductions in BMI z-score. Additional efforts to understand the complex relationship between park proximity, access, and PA are warranted.

Suggested Citation

  • TaShauna U. Goldsby & Brandon J. George & Valerie A. Yeager & Bisakha P. Sen & Alva Ferdinand & Devon M. T. Sims & Bryn Manzella & Asheley Cockrell Skinner & David B. Allison & Nir Menachemi, 2016. "Urban Park Development and Pediatric Obesity Rates: A Quasi-Experiment Using Electronic Health Record Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-10, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:4:p:411-:d:67913
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    1. Berke, E.M. & Koepsell, T.D. & Moudon, A.V. & Hoskins, R.E. & Larson, E.B., 2007. "Association of the built environment with physical activity and obesity in older persons," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(3), pages 486-492.
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    1. Nooshin Razani & Nancy K. Hills & Doug Thompson & George W. Rutherford, 2020. "The Association of Knowledge, Attitudes and Access with Park Use before and after a Park-Prescription Intervention for Low-Income Families in the U.S," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Rebecca Miles & Yuxia Wang & Suzanne Bennett Johnson, 2018. "Neighborhood Built and Social Environments and Change in Weight Status over the Summer in Low-Income Elementary School Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-13, May.
    3. Małgorzata Kaczyńska, 2024. "Urban Green Spaces’ Influence on Civilization Diseases—Meta-Analysis and Critical Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-15, May.

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