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Comparison of Organic Rankine Cycle Systems under Varying Conditions Using Turbine and Twin-Screw Expanders

Author

Listed:
  • Matthew Read

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University London, London EC1V 0HB, UK)

  • Ian Smith

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University London, London EC1V 0HB, UK)

  • Nikola Stosic

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University London, London EC1V 0HB, UK)

  • Ahmed Kovacevic

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University London, London EC1V 0HB, UK)

Abstract

A multi-variable optimization program has been developed to investigate the performance of Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) for low temperature heat recovery applications using both turbine and twin-screw expanders when account is taken of performance variation due to changes in ambient conditions. The cycle simulation contains thermodynamic models of both types of expander. In the case of the twin-screw machine, the methods used to match the operation of the expander to the requirements of the cycle are described. The performance of turbine expanders in a superheated ORC has been modelled using correlations derived from operational data for single stage reaction turbines to predict the turbine efficiency at “off-design” conditions. Several turbine configurations have been considered including variable nozzle area and variable speed. The capability of the cycle model has been demonstrated for the case of heat recovery from a steady source of pressurized hot water at 120 °C. The system parameters are optimised for a typical operating condition, which determines the required size of heat exchangers and the expander characteristics. Performance at off-design conditions can then be optimized within these constraints. This allows a rigorous investigation of the effect of air temperature variation on the system performance, and the seasonal variation in net power output for the turbine and twin-screw ORC systems. A case study is presented for a low temperature heat recovery application with system electrical power output of around 100 kWe at design conditions. The results indicate that similar overall performance can be achieved for ORC systems using either type of expander.

Suggested Citation

  • Matthew Read & Ian Smith & Nikola Stosic & Ahmed Kovacevic, 2016. "Comparison of Organic Rankine Cycle Systems under Varying Conditions Using Turbine and Twin-Screw Expanders," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:8:p:614-:d:75324
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kang, Seok Hun, 2012. "Design and experimental study of ORC (organic Rankine cycle) and radial turbine using R245fa working fluid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 514-524.
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    Cited by:

    1. Peter Collings & Zhibin Yu, 2017. "Numerical Analysis of an Organic Rankine Cycle with Adjustable Working Fluid Composition, a Volumetric Expander and a Recuperator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Amin Mahmoudzadeh Andwari & Apostolos Pesyridis & Vahid Esfahanian & Ali Salavati-Zadeh & Alireza Hajialimohammadi, 2019. "Modelling and Evaluation of Waste Heat Recovery Systems in the Case of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-26, April.
    3. Giuffrida, Antonio, 2017. "Improving the semi-empirical modelling of a single-screw expander for small organic Rankine cycles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 356-368.
    4. Amin Mahmoudzadeh Andwari & Apostolos Pesiridis & Vahid Esfahanian & Ali Salavati-Zadeh & Apostolos Karvountzis-Kontakiotis & Vishal Muralidharan, 2017. "A Comparative Study of the Effect of Turbocompounding and ORC Waste Heat Recovery Systems on the Performance of a Turbocharged Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-17, July.
    5. Kisorthman Vimalakanthan & Matthew Read & Ahmed Kovacevic, 2020. "Numerical Modelling and Experimental Validation of Twin-Screw Expanders," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-13, September.
    6. Chatzopoulou, Maria Anna & Lecompte, Steven & Paepe, Michel De & Markides, Christos N., 2019. "Off-design optimisation of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engines with different heat exchangers and volumetric expanders in waste heat recovery applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    7. Ping, Xu & Yang, Fubin & Zhang, Hongguang & Wang, Yan & Lei, Biao & Wu, Yuting, 2022. "Performance limits of the single screw expander in organic Rankine cycle with ensemble learning and hyperdimensional evolutionary many-objective optimization algorithm intervention," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).

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