IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i9p3920-d1140394.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Review on Greenhouse Gases Emission in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Meiri Triani

    (PT. PLN (Persero) Puslitbang Ketenagalistrikan (Research Institute), Jakarta 12760, Indonesia)

  • Handrea Bernando Tambunan

    (PT. PLN (Persero) Puslitbang Ketenagalistrikan (Research Institute), Jakarta 12760, Indonesia)

  • Kania Dewi

    (Study Program of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40134, Indonesia)

  • Addina Shafiyya Ediansjah

    (Study Program of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40134, Indonesia)

Abstract

The Association of the Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region is a critical contributor to global development from an environmental perspective. This study has reviewed carbon emissions from energy generation, influence factors from the population, economic growth and renewable energy, emission and energy intensity projection, spatial distribution characteristics, and decarbonization strategy. This work utilizes a comparison methodology between ASEAN countries in the emission intensity and energy intensity in the future projection of electricity conditions in 2030 or 2040, as well as opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as determined by the national policies of each government. The results show that Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Malaysia produce 79.7% of the electricity in the ASEAN region. As a developing country, Indonesia has the largest population and gross domestic product (GDP) but has the highest predicted emission intensity, of 0.97 CO 2 e/MWh, in 2030. Vietnam is predicted to have an emission intensity of about 3.56t-CO 2 e/cap and 0.747t-CO 2 e/GDP in 2030. Vietnam is expected to increase in energy intensity to 1241 MWh/GDP, while Brunei Darussalam has a high energy intensity of 11.35 MWh/cap. However, the capacity of solar power plants (more than 11 GW) and wind-power plants (2384 MW) have generally increased in ASEAN from 2015 to 2019, indicating the positive development of renewable energy source (RES) use. The national policies strongly influence the estimated GHG emission in ASEAN by aggressively replacing fossil fuels with RESs. Support, via government policies, can reduce the cost of electricity generation from RESs is needed to increase and enhance the installment of clean power generation systems. In future work, the research needs to consider the intermittent characteristics of variable RES in power system operation.

Suggested Citation

  • Meiri Triani & Handrea Bernando Tambunan & Kania Dewi & Addina Shafiyya Ediansjah, 2023. "Review on Greenhouse Gases Emission in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:9:p:3920-:d:1140394
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3920/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3920/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ang, B.W. & Su, Bin, 2016. "Carbon emission intensity in electricity production: A global analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 56-63.
    2. Shi, Xunpeng, 2016. "The future of ASEAN energy mix: A SWOT analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 672-680.
    3. Malla, Sunil, 2009. "CO2 emissions from electricity generation in seven Asia-Pacific and North American countries: A decomposition analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 1-9, January.
    4. Tongsopit, Sopitsuda & Kittner, Noah & Chang, Youngho & Aksornkij, Apinya & Wangjiraniran, Weerin, 2016. "Energy security in ASEAN: A quantitative approach for sustainable energy policy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 60-72.
    5. Ahmad, Najid & Du, Liangsheng, 2017. "Effects of energy production and CO2 emissions on economic growth in Iran: ARDL approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 521-537.
    6. Jean Pierre Namahoro & Qiaosheng Wu & Haijun Xiao & Na Zhou, 2021. "The Impact of Renewable Energy, Economic and Population Growth on CO 2 Emissions in the East African Region: Evidence from Common Correlated Effect Means Group and Asymmetric Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-21, January.
    7. Godwin Effiong Akpan & Usenobong Friday Akpan, 2012. "Electricity Consumption, Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth in Nigeria," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 2(4), pages 292-306.
    8. Jafari, Yaghoob & Othman, Jamal & Nor, Abu Hassan Shaari Mohd, 2012. "Energy consumption, economic growth and environmental pollutants in Indonesia," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 879-889.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Madjid Tavana & Shahryar Sorooshian & Hassan Mina, 2024. "An integrated group fuzzy inference and best–worst method for supplier selection in intelligent circular supply chains," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 342(1), pages 803-844, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad & Rasoulinezhad, Ehsan & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Vinh Vo, Xuan, 2021. "How energy transition and power consumption are related in Asian economies with different income levels?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    2. Harmsen, Robert & Crijns-Graus, Wina, 2021. "Unhiding the role of CHP in power & heat sector decomposition analyses," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    3. Diaz-Rainey, Ivan & Tulloch, Daniel J. & Ahmed, Iftekhar & McCarten, Matthew & Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad, 2021. "An Energy Policy for ASEAN? Lessons from the EU Experience on Energy Integration, Security, and Decarbonization," ADBI Working Papers 1217, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    4. Qingyou Yan & Yaxian Wang & Tomas Baležentis & Yikai Sun & Dalia Streimikiene, 2018. "Energy-Related CO 2 Emission in China’s Provincial Thermal Electricity Generation: Driving Factors and Possibilities for Abatement," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-25, April.
    5. Xue-Ting Jiang & Min Su & Rongrong Li, 2018. "Decomposition Analysis in Electricity Sector Output from Carbon Emissions in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-18, September.
    6. Sahin, Habip & Esen, Hikmet, 2022. "The usage of renewable energy sources and its effects on GHG emission intensity of electricity generation in Turkey," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 859-869.
    7. De Oliveira-De Jesus, Paulo M., 2019. "Effect of generation capacity factors on carbon emission intensity of electricity of Latin America & the Caribbean, a temporal IDA-LMDI analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 516-526.
    8. Le, Thai-Ha & Nguyen, Canh Phuc, 2019. "Is energy security a driver for economic growth? Evidence from a global sample," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 436-451.
    9. Zhong-Hua Tian & Ze-Liang Yang, 2016. "Scenarios of Carbon Emissions from the Power Sector in Guangdong Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-14, August.
    10. Ming, Wei & Nazifi, Fatemeh & Trück, Stefan, 2024. "Emission intensities in the Australian National Electricity Market – An econometric analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    11. Goh, Tian & Ang, B.W. & Xu, X.Y., 2018. "Quantifying drivers of CO2 emissions from electricity generation – Current practices and future extensions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 1191-1204.
    12. Ang, B.W. & Goh, Tian, 2016. "Carbon intensity of electricity in ASEAN: Drivers, performance and outlook," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 170-179.
    13. Imran Khan & Faheem Ur Rehman & Paula Pypłacz & Muhammad Asif Khan & Agnieszka Wiśniewska & Katarzyna Liczmańska-Kopcewicz, 2021. "A Dynamic Linkage between Financial Development, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from an Asymmetric and Nonlinear ARDL Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-15, August.
    14. Haein Kim & Minsang Kim & Hyunggeun Kim & Sangkyu Park, 2020. "Decomposition Analysis of CO 2 Emission from Electricity Generation: Comparison of OECD Countries before and after the Financial Crisis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-16, July.
    15. Lin, Boqiang & Raza, Muhammad Yousaf, 2020. "Coal and economic development in Pakistan: A necessity of energy source," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    16. Goh, Tian & Ang, B.W. & Su, Bin & Wang, H., 2018. "Drivers of stagnating global carbon intensity of electricity and the way forward," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 149-156.
    17. Liu, Nan & Ma, Zujun & Kang, Jidong, 2017. "A regional analysis of carbon intensities of electricity generation in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 268-277.
    18. Hamisu Sadi Ali & Malayaranjan Sahoo & Md. Mahmudul Alam & Idris Isma’il Tijjani & Abul Quasem Al-Amin & Adeel Ahmed, 2023. "Structural transformations and conventional energy-based power utilization on carbon emissions: empirical evidence from Pakistan," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(3), pages 2419-2442, March.
    19. Wang, Miao & Feng, Chao, 2017. "Decomposition of energy-related CO2 emissions in China: An empirical analysis based on provincial panel data of three sectors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 772-787.
    20. Fahad Bin Abdullah & Rizwan Iqbal & Sadique Ahmad & Mohammed A. El-Affendi & Pardeep Kumar, 2022. "Optimization of Multidimensional Energy Security: An Index Based Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-25, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:9:p:3920-:d:1140394. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.