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Significance and Challenges of Poultry Litter and Cattle Manure as Sustainable Fuels: A Review

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  • Izabella Maj

    (Department of Power Engineering and Turbomachinery, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

Abstract

Growing animal production results in a significant amount of waste, composed of manure, bedding, feed, feathers, etc., whose safe and cost-effective disposal becomes a troublesome challenge. The literature review points out that the higher heating value (HHV) of animal-origin waste reaches 19 MJ/kg (dry basis), which positions it as a promising renewable energy source. Various paths of energy recovery were investigated in the literature, but the thermal processes, particularly combustion and co-combustion, were indicated as the most effective from both technical and environmental points of view. The presented study reviews the fuel characteristics, possible combustion-related challenges, and ash disposal routes of the most popular animal-origin waste: poultry litter and cow (cattle) manure with a slight sight on piggery (swine) manure. When considering animal-origin feedstock as fuel, usually only animal species is given (poultry, cattle, etc.). However, according to the analyzed literature data, this is not sufficient information. Several more factors crucially influence the fuel and ash properties of animal waste and the most vital are: the housing system, type of bedding, and farming style. Animal litter is considered a “difficult” fuel, nevertheless, it does not always cause combustion-related problems. Some analyzed feedstock feature low chlorine concentrations and high ash melting temperatures, which makes them combustion-friendly.

Suggested Citation

  • Izabella Maj, 2022. "Significance and Challenges of Poultry Litter and Cattle Manure as Sustainable Fuels: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:23:p:8981-:d:986187
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    Cited by:

    1. Wojciech Rzeźnik & Ilona Rzeźnik & Paulina Mielcarek-Bocheńska & Mateusz Urbański, 2023. "Air Pollutants Emission during Co-Combustion of Animal Manure and Wood Pellets in 15 kW Boiler," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Alessandro Dal Pozzo & Mathieu Lucquiaud & Johan De Greef, 2023. "Research and Innovation Needs for the Waste-To-Energy Sector towards a Net-Zero Circular Economy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Bruna Barreto Przybulinski & Rodrigo Garófallo Garcia & Maria Fernanda de Castro Burbarelli & Felipe Cardoso Serpa & Vivian Aparecida Rios de Castilho Heiss & Ana Carolina Amorim Orrico & Claudia Mari, 2023. "Characterization and Energy Potential of Broiler Manure Reared under Different Flooring Materials," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-12, August.
    4. Izabella Maj & Krzysztof Matus, 2023. "Aluminosilicate Clay Minerals: Kaolin, Bentonite, and Halloysite as Fuel Additives for Thermal Conversion of Biomass and Waste," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-17, May.
    5. Lee, Seonho & Kim, Jiwon & Byun, Jaewon & Joo, Junghee & Lee, Yoonjae & Kim, Taehyun & Hwangbo, Soonho & Han, Jeehoon & Kim, Sung-Kon & Lee, Jechan, 2023. "Environmentally-viable utilization of chicken litter as energy recovery and electrode production: A machine learning approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    6. Jakub Mazurkiewicz, 2023. "Loss of Energy and Economic Potential of a Biogas Plant Fed with Cow Manure due to Storage Time," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-22, September.

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