Project Portfolio Selection of Solar Energy by Photovoltaic Generation Using Gini-CAPM Multi-Criteria and Considering ROI Covariations

For some time, renewable solar energy generations using cellular photovoltaic panels have stood out among the options, especially in the segment of micro and small companies, where the return on investment is usually higher. In this context, when micro and small companies do not have the capital for the enterprises, several others, mainly small ones, have emerged to finance. However, significant difficulties occur for financiers in selecting investment portfolios, especially when considering the trade-off between return and risk and the covariations of return on investment, which are very common. In this type of selection, the Capital Asset Pricing Model criteria using the Gini risk can help significantly because this one is a more robust risk coefficient for assessments of non-normal probability distributions. However, searches for methods that meet the selection needs using the adjacent criteria are unsuccessful. Thus, this work seeks to help minimize the gap by presenting a new method for selection using the criteria. Historical and simulations data stochastic evaluations indicate that the portfolios selected by the method are attractive options for implementations. These portfolios have reasonable probabilistic expectations and satisfactory protection to avoid mistakes caused for not considering covariations in return on investment, which indicates a significant advance on the current knowledge frontier and will likely allow the increased use of the concept. The method also presents theoretical contributions in adaptations of the benchmark models, which help to minimize the adjacent literary gap of similar methods.