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Causes and Measures of Poverty, Inequality, and Social Exclusion: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • George E. Halkos

    (Laboratory of Operations Research, Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, 28 Octobriou 78, 38333 Volos, Greece)

  • Panagiotis-Stavros C. Aslanidis

    (Laboratory of Operations Research, Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, 28 Octobriou 78, 38333 Volos, Greece)

Abstract

Prevailing measures on the topics of monetary and non-monetary poverty—as well as economic and carbon inequality—are being critically assessed under sustainable development goals (SDGs) with a worldwide perspective. On the one hand, the poverty headcount ratio and the indices poverty gap, poverty severity, and Watts are assessed as core poverty indices. On the other hand, important inequality measures such as the Gini index and the Palma ratio are evaluated in order to find their potentials for policymaking. Furthermore, social exclusion (with the extreme forms of aporophobia and homelessness) has detrimental ramifications on human wellbeing and disturbs public provision policies. Thus, poverty, inequality, and social exclusion are integral parts of SDGs (1, 6 and 10), emphasizing the multidisciplinary nature of the above issues. Additionally, intrinsic elements of Agenda 2030 and the measuring of poverty, inequality, and polarization would significantly improve integrated policy pathways in the national and international fora.

Suggested Citation

  • George E. Halkos & Panagiotis-Stavros C. Aslanidis, 2023. "Causes and Measures of Poverty, Inequality, and Social Exclusion: A Review," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-25, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:11:y:2023:i:4:p:110-:d:1115909
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. G. Halkos & C. Bampatsou & P.‐S. Aslanidis, 2025. "Global perspectives on club convergence: Unraveling the nexus of human and sustainable development in the face of corruption," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(1), pages 534-553, February.
    2. Phoebe Koundouri & Panagiotis Stavros Aslanidis & Konstantinos Dellis & Georgios Feretzakis & Angelos Plataniotis, 2024. "Uncovering the SDG content of Human Security Policies through a Machine Learning web application," DEOS Working Papers 2406, Athens University of Economics and Business.
    3. Panagiotis Karountzos & Nikolaos T. Giannakopoulos & Damianos P. Sakas & Stavros P. Migkos, 2024. "A Tale of Two Economies: Diachronic Comparative Analysis of Diverging Paths of Growth and Inequality in the United States and the United Kingdom," Economies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-25, October.
    4. George E. Halkos & Panagiotis-Stavros C. Aslanidis, 2023. "Addressing Multidimensional Energy Poverty Implications on Achieving Sustainable Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-30, April.
    5. George Halkos & Panagiotis Stavros Aslanidis & Conrad Landis & Lydia Papadaki & Phoebe Koundouri, 2024. "A review on primary and cascading hazards by exploring individuals' willingness-to-pay for urban sustainability policies," DEOS Working Papers 2415, Athens University of Economics and Business.

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    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General

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