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Temporal Effects of Biochar and Dairy Manure on Physicochemical Properties of Podzol: Case from a Silage-Corn Production Trial in Boreal Climate

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  • Marli Vermooten

    (School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
    Department of Earth Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa)

  • Muhammad Nadeem

    (School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada)

  • Mumtaz Cheema

    (School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada)

  • Raymond Thomas

    (School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada)

  • Lakshman Galagedara

    (School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada)

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of biochar and dairy manure (DM) on physicochemical properties of podzolic soils, as well as to establish the relationships between selected physicochemical properties and soil electrical conductivity (EC) in a silage-corn production system. Nutrient requirements of the crop were met through different nutrient sources considering soil nutrient status, nutrient availability from DM (DM, DM + biochar) and regional crop nutrient recommendations. Experimental treatments included control, inorganic nitrogen (IN), IN + biochar, IN + DM, and IN + DM + biochar. DM was applied at 30,000 L ha −1 , whereas biochar was applied at 20 Mg ha −1 and mixed within the top 20 cm of the soil. Disturbed soil samples as well as time domain reflectometry (TDR) measurements were collected from treatment plots on four field days. Results showed no significant ( p > 0.05) treatment effects on soil pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC) within each field day. However, significant temporal effects were recorded for pH, EC, apparent electrical conductivity (EC a ) and electrical conductivity of the soil solution (EC w ). Soil depth (0–10 cm and 10–20 cm) had no significant effect on treatments. Significant positive correlations were recorded for EC with soil organic carbon and CEC (EC a , EC w 0–10 cm, & 10–20 cm, p = 0.000). Correlation results show that EC a measurements as a proxy to investigate the variability of key soil properties over large areas, but further investigation between EC a data and soil properties should be carried out to address uncertainties associated in predicting these properties.

Suggested Citation

  • Marli Vermooten & Muhammad Nadeem & Mumtaz Cheema & Raymond Thomas & Lakshman Galagedara, 2019. "Temporal Effects of Biochar and Dairy Manure on Physicochemical Properties of Podzol: Case from a Silage-Corn Production Trial in Boreal Climate," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-14, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:9:y:2019:i:8:p:183-:d:258145
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dominic Woolf & James E. Amonette & F. Alayne Street-Perrott & Johannes Lehmann & Stephen Joseph, 2010. "Sustainable biochar to mitigate global climate change," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 1(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Dinushika Wanniarachchi & Mumtaz Cheema & Raymond Thomas & Vanessa Kavanagh & Lakshman Galagedara, 2019. "Impact of Soil Amendments on the Hydraulic Conductivity of Boreal Agricultural Podzols," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-12, June.
    3. Matovic, Darko, 2011. "Biochar as a viable carbon sequestration option: Global and Canadian perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 2011-2016.
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    1. Ratnajit Saha & Lakshman Galagedara & Raymond Thomas & Muhammad Nadeem & Kelly Hawboldt, 2020. "Investigating the Influence of Biochar Amendment on the Physicochemical Properties of Podzolic Soil," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-29, October.
    2. Nikolay Gorbach & Viktor Startsev & Anton Mazur & Evgeniy Milanovskiy & Anatoly Prokushkin & Alexey Dymov, 2022. "Simulation of Smoldering Combustion of Organic Horizons at Pine and Spruce Boreal Forests with Lab-Heating Experiments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-20, December.

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