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The Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy Drives the Differentiation of Herders’ Livelihoods in Inner Mongolian Desert Grassland

Author

Listed:
  • Hong Chang

    (School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
    Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China)

  • Xinchao Liu

    (Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China)

  • Yu Xie

    (Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China)

  • Yahong Liu

    (Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China)

  • Wu Yang

    (College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Jianming Niu

    (School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
    Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, Hohhot 010021, China
    Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology and the Candidate State Key Laboratory of Ministry of Science and Technology, Hohhot 010021, China)

Abstract

Herders’ livelihood strategies are functions of the capitals at their disposal. Although this thesis has been proved, it has not been applied to livelihood research in the context of conservation initiatives. The Chinese government implemented the Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy (GECP) in 2011. However, the impact of the policy on herders’ livelihoods is still unclear. This study measured the variation in herders’ livelihood strategies in the desert grassland of Inner Mongolia, China, after the implementation of the GECP. This study also analyzed the impacts of livelihood capitals on the livelihood strategies, revealing the shortages of different livelihood strategies. The results showed the following: After the GECP, (1) herders’ livelihood strategies could be grouped into five types based on livelihood capitals. The livelihood capitals of herders varied greatly, resulting in large economical gaps among households with different livelihood strategies. (2) The herders’ livelihood strategies were affected by factors including the education, age, social communication, amount of livestock, income, and subsidy of the herders. (3) The main income sources of different livelihood strategies were both subsidy and livestock husbandry. In general, the GECP drives the differentiation of herders’ livelihoods remarkably. Future conservation initiatives should take the shortages of different livelihood strategies into account.

Suggested Citation

  • Hong Chang & Xinchao Liu & Yu Xie & Yahong Liu & Wu Yang & Jianming Niu, 2022. "The Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy Drives the Differentiation of Herders’ Livelihoods in Inner Mongolian Desert Grassland," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:9:p:1325-:d:899657
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