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Biochar Reduces the Adverse Effect of Saline Water on Soil Properties and Wheat Production Profitability

Author

Listed:
  • Mohamed E. A. El-sayed

    (Agriculture Research Center, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Giza 12112, Egypt)

  • Mohamed Hazman

    (Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gamma Street, Giza 12619, Egypt)

  • Ayman Gamal Abd El-Rady

    (Agricultural Research Center, Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Giza 12619, Egypt)

  • Lal Almas

    (Department of Agricultural Sciences, Paul Engler College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, West Texas A & M University, Canyon, TX 79016, USA)

  • Mike McFarland

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA)

  • Ali Shams El Din

    (Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt)

  • Steve Burian

    (Alabama Water Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA)

Abstract

The goal of this study is to assess the use of saline groundwater in combination with soil amendments to increase the efficiency of wheat production in new agricultural soil in Egypt. The experiment was conducted during the two consecutive growing seasons, 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, at the Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, Sohag, Egypt. In this study, plants of Shandaweel 1 spring bread wheat cultivar were grown under the combinations of the two water treatments, i.e., freshwater (307.2 ppm) and saline water (3000 ppm (NaCl + MgCl 2 )) representing groundwater in Egypt delivered by drip irrigation and the two biochar rates, i.e., zero and 4.8 ton/ha as a soil amendment. The cob corn biochar (CCB) was synthesized by using the slow pyrolysis process (one hour at 350 °C). The results revealed that saline water reduced the grain yield ratio by 8.5%, 11.0%, and 9.7% compared to non-saline water during seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 and over seasons, respectively. Concerning, combined over seasons, the biochar addition enhanced the grain yield by 5.6% and 13.8% compared to non-biochar addition under fresh and saline irrigation water conditions, respectively. Thus, the results indicated and led to a preliminary recommendation that saline groundwater is a viable source of irrigation water and that biochar seemed to alleviate salinity stress on wheat production and in reclaimed soils of Egypt.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohamed E. A. El-sayed & Mohamed Hazman & Ayman Gamal Abd El-Rady & Lal Almas & Mike McFarland & Ali Shams El Din & Steve Burian, 2021. "Biochar Reduces the Adverse Effect of Saline Water on Soil Properties and Wheat Production Profitability," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-11, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:11:p:1112-:d:675083
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Ruoshui & Kang, Yaohu & Wan, Shuqin & Hu, Wei & Liu, Shiping & Liu, Shuhui, 2011. "Salt distribution and the growth of cotton under different drip irrigation regimes in a saline area," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 100(1), pages 58-69.
    2. Lal, R., 2011. "Sequestering carbon in soils of agro-ecosystems," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(Supplemen), pages 33-39, January.
    3. Lal, R., 2011. "Sequestering carbon in soils of agro-ecosystems," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(S1), pages 33-39.
    4. Molden, David J. & Sakthivadivel, Ramasamy & Habib, Zaigham, 2001. "Basin-level use and productivity of water: examples from South Asia," IWMI Research Reports 61099, International Water Management Institute.
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    1. Md. Zonayet & Alok Kumar Paul & Md. Faisal-E-Alam & Khalid Syfullah & Rui Alexandre Castanho & Daniel Meyer, 2023. "Impact of Biochar as a Soil Conditioner to Improve the Soil Properties of Saline Soil and Productivity of Tomato," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Radheshyam Yadav & Wusirika Ramakrishna, 2023. "Biochar as an Environment-Friendly Alternative for Multiple Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-23, September.

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