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Demographic Disparities in COVID-19 Disruptions: What Has Shaped Them?

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  • Violeta A. Gutkowski

Abstract

This article uses the Community Impact Survey implemented by the Federal Reserve System in 2021 to identify COVID-19 disruptions on low- to moderate-income communities. I find that communities that were primarily of Color were more likely to be significantly disrupted by COVID-19 than White communities. I also assess the importance of certain challenges, such as returning to work or unequal access to government relief, in shaping the observed demographic differences in disruption.

Suggested Citation

  • Violeta A. Gutkowski, 2023. "Demographic Disparities in COVID-19 Disruptions: What Has Shaped Them?," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 105(4), pages 261-279, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedlrv:96350
    DOI: 10.20955/r.105.261-79
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lei Li & Philip E. Strahan & Song Zhang, 2020. "Banks as Lenders of First Resort: Evidence from the COVID-19 Crisis," NBER Working Papers 27256, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Granja, João & Makridis, Christos & Yannelis, Constantine & Zwick, Eric, 2022. "Did the paycheck protection program hit the target?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(3), pages 725-761.
    3. Lei Li & Philip E Strahan & Song Zhang, 2020. "Banks as Lenders of First Resort: Evidence from the COVID-19 Crisis," The Review of Corporate Finance Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 9(3), pages 472-500.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Community Impact Survey; COVID-19; racial disparities; demographics;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D04 - Microeconomics - - General - - - Microeconomic Policy: Formulation; Implementation; Evaluation
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement

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