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Life Cycle Emissions of Hydrogen Production Technologies in the Nordics

Author

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  • Jenni Iso-Oja

    (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Finland)

  • Olli Himanen

    (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Finland)

Abstract

Europe has ambitious goals for future hydrogen production. The increasing production of green hydrogen demands for research on the different environmental effects of hydrogen production methods. This study compiles comprehensive and comparable values of the life cycle emissions of three electrolyzer technologies: alkaline water electrolyzers, proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers and solid oxide electrolysis cells. A comparison of hydrogen production via wind and solar electricity is listed. Additionally, the changes in land usage required for the hydrogen production process are considered. The emission comparison reveals that hydrogen produced using wind energy is environmentally more sustainable than using solar energy, regardless of the electrolyzer technology.

Suggested Citation

Handle: RePEc:epw:energy:v:5:y:2025:i:5:id:7176
DOI: 10.24018/ejenergy.2025.5.5.176
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