IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/teinso/v81y2025ics0160791x25000090.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Decoding coopetition performance using impactful coopetition attributes: Evidence from manufacturing companies

Author

Listed:
  • Klimas, Patrycja
  • Kawa, Arkadiusz
  • Sachpazidu, Karina
  • Stańczyk, Sylwia
  • Brenk, Katharina
  • Kanbach, Dominik K.

Abstract

The concept of coopetition - simultaneous collaboration and competition between organizations to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes - plays a pivotal role in shaping business performance, particularly during periods of rapid technological advancements. This is especially evident the manufacturing sector, where innovation and competitive dynamics intersect with economic and social forces. The current academic discourse predominantly focuses on the qualitative identification and analysis of coopetition attributes, leaving a significant gap for large-scale quantitative studies to enable empirical assessment. This study aims to examine the significance of three groups of coopetition attributes for coopetition performance classified into two strategic (dynamics, paradoxicality), six relational (asymmetry, complexity, coopetition intensity, mutual dependence, strength, tensions), and five behavioral attributes (competition intensity, conflict, formality, investments, trust). Using data from 1216 manufacturing firms in Poland and employing a generalized Covariance based Structural Equation Model (CB-SEM), this study offers nuanced insights to the global discourse at the intersection of technological change and social dynamics. The results indicate that the strategic attribute paradoxicality, the relational attribute strength, and most of the behavioral attributes (trust, competition intensity, investments, formality) positively impact coopetition performance. Additionally, a significant negative impact of the strategic attribute dynamics was demonstrated, while no significant influence was identified for the remaining relational attributes (asymmetry, tensions) as well as the behavioral attribute conflict. Diverging from prior qualitative approaches, this study offers data-driven insights for decision-makers navigating societal and technological change, highlighting which attributes should be stimulated to enhance coopetition performance while minimizing the level of dynamics within coopetition strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Klimas, Patrycja & Kawa, Arkadiusz & Sachpazidu, Karina & Stańczyk, Sylwia & Brenk, Katharina & Kanbach, Dominik K., 2025. "Decoding coopetition performance using impactful coopetition attributes: Evidence from manufacturing companies," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:teinso:v:81:y:2025:i:c:s0160791x25000090
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2025.102819
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160791X25000090
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.techsoc.2025.102819?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sijing Deng & Xu Guan & Jiayan Xu, 2021. "The coopetition effect of learning-by-doing in outsourcing," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 59(2), pages 516-541, January.
    2. Sascha Kraus & Fabian Meier & Thomas Niemand & Ricarda B. Bouncken & Paavo Ritala, 2018. "In search for the ideal coopetition partner: an experimental study," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 1025-1053, October.
    3. Chen, Xu & Luo, Zheng & Wang, Xiaojun, 2019. "Compete or cooperate: Intensity, dynamics, and optimal strategies," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 76-86.
    4. Johanna Gast & Matthias Filser & Katherine Gundolf & Sascha Kraus, 2015. "Coopetition research: towards a better understanding of past trends and future directions," Post-Print hal-02010684, HAL.
    5. Crick, James M. & Crick, Dave, 2021. "Coopetition and family-owned wine producers," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 319-336.
    6. Luo, Yadong, 2004. "A coopetition perspective of MNC-host government relations," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 10(4), pages 431-451.
    7. Klimas, Patrycja & Czakon, Wojciech & Fredrich, Viktor, 2022. "Strategy frames in coopetition: An examination of coopetition entry factors in high-tech firms," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 40(2), pages 258-272.
    8. Ricarda Bouncken & Johanna Gast & Sascha Kraus & Marcel Bogers, 2015. "Coopetition: a systematic review, synthesis, and future research directions," Post-Print hal-02018068, HAL.
    9. Ricarda Bouncken & Johanna Gast & Sascha Kraus & Marcel Bogers, 2015. "Coopetition: a systematic review, synthesis, and future research directions," Post-Print hal-02945341, HAL.
    10. Christian Lechner & Birthe Soppe & Michael Dowling, 2016. "Vertical Coopetition and the Sales Growth of Young and Small Firms," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(1), pages 67-84, January.
    11. Johanna Gast & Matthias Filser & Katherine Gundolf & Sascha Kraus, 2015. "Coopetition research: towards a better understanding of past trends and future directions," Post-Print hal-02945435, HAL.
    12. Paul Chiambaretto & Jonathan Maurice & Marc Willinger, 2020. "Value creation and value appropriation In innovative coopetition projects," Working Papers hal-02497321, HAL.
    13. Wojciech Czakon & Mariusz Rogalski, 2014. "Coopetition typology revisited - a behavioural approach," International Journal of Business Environment, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 6(1), pages 28-46.
    14. Corbo, Leonardo & Kraus, Sascha & Vlačić, Božidar & Dabić, Marina & Caputo, Andrea & Pellegrini, Massimiliano M., 2023. "Coopetition and innovation: A review and research agenda," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    15. Jian Liu & Yinzhen Li & Jun Li, 2015. "Coopetition in Intermodal Freight Transport Services," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2015, pages 1-11, February.
    16. Robert V. Randolph & Hanqing Fang & Esra Memili & Veland Ramadani & Dilek Zamantılı Nayır, 2023. "The role of strategic motivations and mutual dependence on partner selection in SME coopetition," International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 48(3), pages 273-295.
    17. Alessio Cozzolino & Frank T. Rothaermel, 2018. "Discontinuities, competition, and cooperation: Coopetitive dynamics between incumbents and entrants," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(12), pages 3053-3085, December.
    18. Telg, Nina & Lokshin, Boris & Letterie, Wilko, 2023. "How formal and informal intellectual property protection matters for firms' decision to engage in coopetition: The role of environmental dynamism and competition intensity," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    19. Sandy D. Jap & Erin Anderson, 2007. "Testing a Life-Cycle Theory of Cooperative Interorganizational Relationships: Movement Across Stages and Performance," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 53(2), pages 260-275, February.
    20. Frédéric Le Roy & Wojciech Czakon, 2016. "Managing coopetition: the missing link between strategy and performance," Post-Print hal-02012534, HAL.
    21. Katherine L. Christ & Roger L. Burritt & Mohsen Varsei, 2017. "Coopetition as a Potential Strategy for Corporate Sustainability," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(7), pages 1029-1040, November.
    22. Munten, Pauline & Vanhamme, Joëlle & Maon, François & Swaen, Valérie & Lindgreen, Adam, 2021. "Addressing tensions in coopetition for sustainable innovation: Insights from the automotive industry," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 10-20.
    23. Giovanna Padula & Giovanni Battista Dagnino, 2007. "Untangling the Rise of Coopetition: The Intrusion of Competition in a Cooperative Game Structure," International Studies of Management & Organization, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(2), pages 32-52, January.
    24. Paul Chiambaretto & Jonathan Maurice & Marc Willinger, 2020. "Value creation and value appropriation in innovative coopetition projects," Post-Print hal-02497321, HAL.
    25. Mariani, Marcello M. & Belitski, Maksim, 2023. "The effect of coopetition intensity on first mover advantage and imitation in innovation related coopetition: Empirical evidence from UK firms," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 41(5), pages 779-791.
    26. Oliver Gernsheimer & Dominik K Kanbach & Johanna Gast, 2021. "Coopetition research-A systematic literature review on recent accomplishments and trajectories," Post-Print hal-03514794, HAL.
    27. William Black & Barry J. Babin, 2019. "Multivariate Data Analysis: Its Approach, Evolution, and Impact," Springer Books, in: Barry J. Babin & Marko Sarstedt (ed.), The Great Facilitator, pages 121-130, Springer.
    28. Zhenzhen Zhao & Damien Renard & Mehdi Elmoukhliss & Christine Balague, 2016. "What Affects Creative Performance In Idea Co-Creation: Competitive, Cooperative Or Coopetitive Climate?," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(04), pages 1-24, May.
    29. Xue, Jinjie & Liu, Junqi & Geng, Zizhen & Yuan, Hongping & Chao, Lei, 2023. "Why and when do paradoxical management capabilities matter to paradoxical pressure? An empirical investigation of the role of coopetition," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    30. Raza-Ullah, Tatbeeq & Kostis, Angelos, 2020. "Do trust and distrust in coopetition matter to performance?," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 367-376.
    31. Crick, James M. & Crick, Dave, 2021. "The dark-side of coopetition: Influences on the paradoxical forces of cooperativeness and competitiveness across product-market strategies," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 226-240.
    32. Dorn, Stefanie & Schweiger, Bastian & Albers, Sascha, 2016. "Levels, phases and themes of coopetition: A systematic literature review and research agenda," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 484-500.
    33. Ricciardi, Francesca & Zardini, Alessandro & Czakon, Wojciech & Rossignoli, Cecilia & Kraus, Sascha, 2022. "Revisiting the cooperation–competition paradox: A configurational approach to short- and long-term coopetition performance in business networks," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 40(3), pages 320-331.
    34. Klimas, Patrycja & Sachpazidu, Karina & Stańczyk, Sylwia, 2023. "The attributes of coopetitive relationships: What do we know and not know about them?," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 41(6), pages 883-898.
    35. Bouncken, Ricarda B. & Kraus, Sascha, 2013. "Innovation in knowledge-intensive industries: The double-edged sword of coopetition," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(10), pages 2060-2070.
    36. Zhenzhen Zhao & Damien Renard & Mehdi-Alexandre Elmoukhliss & Christine Balagué, 2016. "What affects creative performance in idea co-creation : competitive, cooperative or coopetitive climate ?," Post-Print hal-01322752, HAL.
    37. Kam, Booi H. & Lai, Manh Khang, 2018. "Buyer-supplier exchange relationship: How do exchange partners behave across the relationship life-cycle?," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 239-257.
    38. Mota Veiga, Pedro Miguel Lopes & Herrera-Ballesteros, Juan & de las Heras-Rosas, Carlos, 2024. "Cooperation and coopetition, determinants of openness in product innovation and human resource management. Comparative study between Spain-Portugal," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    39. Johanna Gast & Matthias Filser & Katherine Gundolf & Sascha Kraus, 2015. "Coopetition research: towards a better understanding of past trends and future directions," International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 24(4), pages 492-521.
    40. Zhenzhen Zhao & Damien Renard & Mehdi-Alexandre Elmoukhliss & Christine Balagué, 2016. "What affects creative performance in idea co-creation : competitive, cooperative or coopetitive climate ?," Grenoble Ecole de Management (Post-Print) hal-01322752, HAL.
    41. Patrycja Klimas & Sylwia StaÅ„czyk & Karina Sachpazidu, 2024. "Pushing coopetition research further: Understanding, relevance, and operationalization of the attributes of coopetition strategies and coopetitive relationships," Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione", vol. 20(4), pages 26-48.
    42. Garri, Myropi, 2021. "Coopetition, value co-creation, and knowledge-enhancement in the UK alpaca industry: A multi-level mechanism," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 545-557.
    43. Sascha Kraus & Jasmin Schmid & Johanna Gast, 2017. "Innovation through coopetition: An analysis of small-and medium-sized trust companies operating in the Liechtenstein financial centre," Post-Print hal-02945322, HAL.
    44. Devi R. Gnyawali & Byung‐jin (robert) Park, 2009. "Co‐opetition and Technological Innovation in Small and Medium‐Sized Enterprises: A Multilevel Conceptual Model," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(3), pages 308-330, July.
    45. Ricarda B. Bouncken & Viktor Fredrich, 2012. "Coopetition: Performance Implications And Management Antecedents," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 16(05), pages 1-28.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Patrycja Klimas & Katarzyna Gadomska-Lila & Karina Sachpazidu, 2025. "Operationalization of coopetition performance: challenge accepted," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 19(7), pages 2039-2079, July.
    2. Klimas, Patrycja & Sachpazidu, Karina & Stańczyk, Sylwia, 2023. "The attributes of coopetitive relationships: What do we know and not know about them?," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 41(6), pages 883-898.
    3. Patrycja Klimas & Ali Ashraf Ahmadian & Morteza Soltani & Meisam Shahbazi & Ali Hamidizadeh, 2023. "Coopetition, Where Do You Come From? Identification, Categorization, and Configuration of Theoretical Roots of Coopetition," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(1), pages 21582440221, January.
    4. Xie, Qiuhao & Gao, Ying & Xia, Nini & Zhang, Shuibo & Tao, Guowu, 2023. "Coopetition and organizational performance outcomes: A meta-analysis of the main and moderator effects," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    5. Klimas, Patrycja & Czakon, Wojciech & Fredrich, Viktor, 2022. "Strategy frames in coopetition: An examination of coopetition entry factors in high-tech firms," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 40(2), pages 258-272.
    6. Xie, Qiuhao & Ma, Pei & Gao, Ying & Zhang, Shuibo, 2024. "Unpacking coopetition in international strategic alliances: Dimensions, contingencies, and structures," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 30(6).
    7. Sascha Kraus & Fabian Meier & Thomas Niemand & Ricarda B. Bouncken & Paavo Ritala, 2018. "In search for the ideal coopetition partner: an experimental study," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 1025-1053, October.
    8. Garri, Myropi, 2021. "Coopetition, value co-creation, and knowledge-enhancement in the UK alpaca industry: A multi-level mechanism," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 545-557.
    9. Mierzejewska Wioletta, 2023. "Does coopetition pay off? Benefits of intra-organizational coopetition within business groups," International Journal of Management and Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of World Economy, vol. 59(2), pages 150-167, June.
    10. Yadav, Neetu & Kumar, Roopesh & Malik, Ashish, 2022. "Global developments in coopetition research: A bibliometric analysis of research articles published between 2010 and 2020," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 495-508.
    11. Corbo, Leonardo & Kraus, Sascha & Vlačić, Božidar & Dabić, Marina & Caputo, Andrea & Pellegrini, Massimiliano M., 2023. "Coopetition and innovation: A review and research agenda," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    12. Raza-Ullah, Tatbeeq & Bengtsson, Maria & Gnyawali, Devi R., 2020. "The nature, consequences, and management of emotions in interfirm paradoxical relationships—A conceptual framework," Scandinavian Journal of Management, Elsevier, vol. 36(4).
    13. Crick, James M. & Crick, David, 2025. "Don’t stop believing: The manifestations of coopetition in export markets," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(3).
    14. Bacon, Emily & Williams, Michael D. & Davies, Gareth, 2020. "Coopetition in innovation ecosystems: A comparative analysis of knowledge transfer configurations," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 307-316.
    15. Vladimir Vanyushyn & Maria Bengtsson & Malin H. Näsholm & Håkan Boter, 2018. "International coopetition for innovation: Are the benefits worth the challenges?," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 12(2), pages 535-557, March.
    16. Fonseca Cristina & Meneses Raquel, 2020. "Motivations for Coopetition Strategies between Banks and Fintechs," Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, Sciendo, vol. 14(1), pages 282-293, July.
    17. Czakon, Wojciech & Niemand, Thomas & Gast, Johanna & Kraus, Sascha & Frühstück, Lisa, 2020. "Designing coopetition for radical innovation: An experimental study of managers' preferences for developing self-driving electric cars," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    18. Vik Pant & Eric Yu, 2018. "Modeling Simultaneous Cooperation and Competition Among Enterprises," Business & Information Systems Engineering: The International Journal of WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK, Springer;Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI), vol. 60(1), pages 39-54, February.
    19. Patrycja Klimas & Wojciech Czakon, 2018. "Organizational innovativeness and coopetition: a study of video game developers," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 12(2), pages 469-497, March.
    20. Eduard Gabriel Ceptureanu & Sebastian Ion Ceptureanu & Violeta Radulescu & Stefan Alexandru Ionescu, 2018. "What Makes Coopetition Successful? An Inter-Organizational Side Analysis on Coopetition Critical Success Factors in Oil and Gas Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:teinso:v:81:y:2025:i:c:s0160791x25000090. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/technology-in-society .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.