IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/tefoso/v212y2025ics0040162524007492.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

How does human-AI interaction affect employees' workplace procrastination?

Author

Listed:
  • Li, Jia-Min
  • Zhang, Lan-Xia
  • Mao, Meng-Yu

Abstract

Based on the conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study examined the mechanisms by which human-AI interaction influences employees' workplace procrastination and the mediating role of boredom and the moderating role of core self-evaluation. Two studies were conducted to test the hypothesized model. In Study 1, human-AI interactions were categorized into enhanced and impeded. Enhanced human-AI interaction is the degree to which the employee perceives that the employee is leading the work and that the AI assists the work, whereas impeded human-AI interaction is the degree to which the employee perceives that the AI is leading the work and that the employee assists the work. We developed a two-dimensional human-AI interaction scale with eight items. In Study 2, we tested our hypotheses by collecting data from 411 questionnaires in China. Both types of human-AI interaction significantly affected boredom and workplace procrastination. Boredom mediated both types of human-AI interaction and workplace procrastination. Core self-evaluation not only moderated the effects of both types of human-AI interaction on boredom but also moderated the mediating role of boredom. This study has significant implications for both the theoretical understanding of human-AI interaction and its practical applications in organizational management.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Jia-Min & Zhang, Lan-Xia & Mao, Meng-Yu, 2025. "How does human-AI interaction affect employees' workplace procrastination?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:tefoso:v:212:y:2025:i:c:s0040162524007492
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123951
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162524007492
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123951?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lotta Harju & Jari J. Hakanen & Wilmar B. Schaufeli, 2016. "Can job crafting reduce job boredom and increase work engagement? A three-year cross-lagged panel study," Post-Print hal-02312426, HAL.
    2. Chiang, Ai-Hsuan & Trimi, Silvana & Lo, Yu-Ju, 2022. "Emotion and service quality of anthropomorphic robots," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    3. Jean-Pierre Neveu & Stevan E. Hobfoll & Jonathon Halbesleben & M Westman, 2018. "Conservation of resources in the organizational context : the reality of resources and their consequences," Post-Print hal-02472360, HAL.
    4. Baabdullah, Abdullah M., 2024. "Generative conversational AI agent for managerial practices: The role of IQ dimensions, novelty seeking and ethical concerns," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    5. Rahul Singh Chauhan & Alexandra E. MacDougall & Michael Ronald Buckley & David Charles Howe & Marisa E. Crisostomo & Thomas Zeni, 2020. "Better late than early? Reviewing procrastination in organizations," Management Research Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 43(10), pages 1289-1308, April.
    6. Marc Ohana & Ghulam Murtaza & Inam ul Haq & Esraa Al-Shatti & Zhang Chi, 2024. "Why and When can CSR toward Employees Lead to Cyberloafing? The Role of Workplace Boredom and Moral Disengagement," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 189(1), pages 133-148, January.
    7. Oravec, Jo Ann, 2023. "Rage against robots: Emotional and motivational dimensions of anti-robot attacks, robot sabotage, and robot bullying," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    8. Tandon, Anushree & Dhir, Amandeep & Islam, Nazrul & Talwar, Shalini & Mäntymäki, Matti, 2021. "Psychological and behavioral outcomes of social media-induced fear of missing out at the workplace," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 186-197.
    9. Lotta K. Harju & Piia Seppälä & Jari J. Hakanen, 2023. "Bored and exhausted? Profiles of boredom and exhaustion at work and the role of job stressors," Post-Print hal-04325710, HAL.
    10. Makridis, Christos A. & Han, Joo Hun, 2021. "Future of work and employee empowerment and satisfaction: Evidence from a decade of technological change," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    11. Rahul Singh Chauhan & Alexandra E. MacDougall & Michael Ronald Buckley & David Charles Howe & Marisa E. Crisostomo & Thomas Zeni, 2020. "Better late than early? Reviewing procrastination in organizations," Management Research Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 43(10), pages 1289-1308, April.
    12. Li, Jian & Huang, Jin-Song, 2020. "Dimensions of artificial intelligence anxiety based on the integrated fear acquisition theory," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tayyba Mirza & Dr. Basharat Raza, 2023. "Does Polychronicity Impact Innovative Work Behavior? The Role of Procrastination," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 12(4), pages 602-609.
    2. Ding, Bin & Li, Yameng & Miah, Shah & Liu, Wei, 2024. "Customer acceptance of frontline social robots—Human-robot interaction as boundary condition," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    3. Ayşe Göksu Özüdoğru & Ali Görener & Kerem Toker, 2024. "Effect of Hospital Employees’ Psychological Capital on Counterproductive Work Behavior: Role of Work Alienation and Procrastination," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(3), pages 21582440241, August.
    4. Piia Seppälä & Lotta K. Harju & Jari J. Hakanen, 2020. "Interactions of Approach and Avoidance Job Crafting and Work Engagement: A Comparison between Employees Affected and Not Affected by Organizational Changes," Post-Print hal-03188191, HAL.
    5. Arsenyan, Jbid & Mirowska, Agata & Piepenbrink, Anke, 2023. "Close encounters with the virtual kind: Defining a human-virtual agent coexistence framework," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    6. Piia Seppälä & Lotta Harju & Jari J. Hakanen, 2020. "Interactions of Approach and Avoidance Job Crafting and Work Engagement: A Comparison between Employees Affected and Not Affected by Organizational Changes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-20, December.
    7. Han Chao & Meng Fanbo & Ataul Karim Patwary, 2024. "Examining Organizational Commitment to Environmental Performances Among Hotel Employees: The Role of Ethical Leadership, Psychological Ownership and Psychological Empowerment," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(2), pages 21582440241, June.
    8. Nguyen, Bach & Tran, Hai-Anh & Stephan, Ute & Van, Ha Nguyen & Anh, Pham Thi Hoang, 2024. "“I can't get it out of my mind” - Why, how, and when crisis rumination leads entrepreneurs to act and pivot during crises," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 39(4).
    9. Rakesh Belwal & Shweta Belwal & Suhaila Ebrahim AlHashemi, 2024. "Disentangling work–family conflict, support, and turnover intentions: quanti–quali mixed method approach," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 58(3), pages 2591-2617, June.
    10. Jabeen, Fauzia & Tandon, Anushree & Azad, Nasreen & Islam, A.K.M. Najmul & Pereira, Vijay, 2023. "The dark side of social media platforms: A situation-organism-behaviour-consequence approach," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 186(PA).
    11. Liu, Jing & Hsu, Fu-Chieh & Bai, Yunkai & Mai, Huiwen, 2024. "A dual-benefit perspective of business travel," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    12. Sindhwani, Rahul & Pereira, Vijay & Sampat, Brinda & Shankar, Amit & Nigam, Achint & Salwan, Prashant, 2025. "Exploring barriers to social robot adoption: A mixed-method study in the Indian retail sector," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    13. Zhang, Weidong & Zuo, Na & He, Wu & Li, Songtao & Yu, Lu, 2021. "Factors influencing the use of artificial intelligence in government: Evidence from China," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    14. Martin Hoegl & Silja Hartmann, 2021. "Bouncing back, if not beyond: Challenges for research on resilience," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 20(4), pages 456-464, September.
    15. Xiaoxia Huang & Yuyin Liu & Jing Zhao, 2024. "The Impacts of Work-Family Conflict and Corporate Innovation on Organizational Performance," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(2), pages 21582440241, May.
    16. Yi Wang & Xianfang Xue & Han Guo, 2022. "The Sustainability of Market Orientation from a Dynamic Perspective: The Mediation of Dynamic Capability and the Moderation of Error Management Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-15, March.
    17. Francoise Contreras & Juan C. Espinosa & Gustavo A. Esguerra, 2020. "Could Personal Resources Influence Work Engagement and Burnout? A Study in a Group of Nursing Staff," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(1), pages 21582440199, January.
    18. Luo Lu & Ting-Ting Chang & Shu-Fang Kao & Cary L. Cooper, 2021. "Do Gender and Gender Role Orientation Make a Difference in the Link between Role Demands and Family Interference with Work for Taiwanese Workers?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-17, September.
    19. Mashal Ahmed Watoo & Man Cao & Zhao Shuming, 2023. "High-performance work systems and the work–family interface: a cross-level investigation," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 22(3), pages 935-954, July.
    20. Yuhyung Shin & Won-Moo Hur & Kyungdo Park & Hansol Hwang, 2020. "How Managers’ Job Crafting Reduces Turnover Intention: The Mediating Roles of Role Ambiguity and Emotional Exhaustion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-17, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:tefoso:v:212:y:2025:i:c:s0040162524007492. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00401625 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.