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AI assimilation for sustainable and resilient supply chains: Role of green ambidexterity and cybersecurity awareness

Author

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  • Chowdhury, Soumyadeb
  • Ren, Shuang
  • Dey, Prasanta Kumar

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is widely portrayed as a transformative enabler for sustainable and resilient supply chains; however, theory and empirical evidence remain fragmented regarding how AI-based capabilities are converted into sustainability performance outcomes and how these outcomes interact with supply chain resilience. Drawing on the dynamic capabilities view, this study conceptualizes AI assimilation as a foundational dynamic capability and examines its role in shaping sustainable business performance and supply chain resilience through green ambidexterity innovation and cybersecurity awareness. Using a four-wave longitudinal survey of 199 UK-based supply chain managers, the study empirically tests a theoretical model employing partial least squares structural equation modelling technique. The findings show that AI assimilation is positively associated with sustainable business performance via green ambidexterity innovation, thereby opening the black box linking AI assimilation to sustainability outcomes. Cybersecurity awareness (CSA) emerged as a meta-capability that strengthened the effectiveness of AI assimilation on green ambidexterity innovation, extending CSA's role beyond risk mitigation to the strategic orchestration of AI-enabled green innovation. Additionally, the study reveals a sustainability–resilience paradox: sustainable business performance is negatively associated with supply chain resilience, challenging the prevailing assumption of their inherent complementarity. Theoretically, the study demonstrates how AI assimilation can generate sustainability benefits while simultaneously imposing resilience trade-offs. By integrating AI assimilation, green ambidexterity innovation, and cybersecurity awareness, the research offers a more nuanced understanding of the conditions under which embedding AI into business processes can foster sustainable but not necessarily resilient supply chain organizations.

Suggested Citation

  • Chowdhury, Soumyadeb & Ren, Shuang & Dey, Prasanta Kumar, 2026. "AI assimilation for sustainable and resilient supply chains: Role of green ambidexterity and cybersecurity awareness," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:techno:v:155:y:2026:i:c:s0166497226000970
    DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2026.103562
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