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How to enhance students’ well-being in Spain: A multidimensional study based on multiobjective optimization

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  • Orozco-Villodres, Andrea
  • Ruiz, Ana B.
  • Luque, Mariano

Abstract

This paper addresses the multidimensional nature of the concept of student well-being from a multiple criteria decision making perspective, specifically differentiating between the social, physical, and mental dimensions. The main purpose is to analyze how the well-being levels among Spanish students could be improved. Using PISA 2022 data, three indexes of student well-being are constructed: social, physical and mental. Using econometric tools, a multiobjective optimization model is developed to simultaneously maximize the three proposed indexes. The resulting analysis makes it possible to evaluate the real possibilities for improving the three well-being dimensions and the scenarios that would make it possible (i.e., socio-educational context for the students). It allows foreseeing the impact of the change in one of the indexes on the other two. In addition, existing correlations between students' socio-educational characteristics are introduced into the model to represent the student's context as realistically as possible. The results indicate that students who seek to optimize their well-being from the triple perspective adopted (physical, social, and mental) must make trade-offs between the indicators in order to achieve a balanced solution.

Suggested Citation

  • Orozco-Villodres, Andrea & Ruiz, Ana B. & Luque, Mariano, 2026. "How to enhance students’ well-being in Spain: A multidimensional study based on multiobjective optimization," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:soceps:v:103:y:2026:i:c:s0038012125002010
    DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102352
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    References listed on IDEAS

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