IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v72y2017icp338-353.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The feasibility of municipal solid waste for energy generation and its existing management practices in Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Korai, Muhammad Safar
  • Mahar, Rasool Bux
  • Uqaili, Muhammad Aslam

Abstract

Energy crisis and growing amount of solid waste at alarming rate have remained a challenge for every governing body of Pakistan. This study has been performed in order to evaluate the feasibility of municipal solid waste for energy generation and to assess its existing management practices. The study finds that solid waste is not properly managed in Pakistan. Throughout the country, it has been observed that the generated waste is directly either dumped in low lying areas or burned in open environment without any engineered way of disposal. On the other hand, the solid waste generated in Pakistan has significant potential to produce energy by bio-chemical and thermo-chemical process upto 50.35 millionm3/year and 265 millionm3/year respectively. The contribution of energy from solid waste has been estimated that is 0.07% through bio-chemical and 0.34% through thermo-chemical in the total primary energy supply of the country. Moreover, results of study revealed that about 70% of imported energy can be reduced by bio-chemical and completely can be replaced by thermo-chemical process of solid waste. Not only this but also burden on energy from other primary sources of the country would be reduced upto 1.86% cumulatively by adopting thermo-chemical process of waste. The study concludes that lack of pre-planning, infrastructure, public awareness and many other factors have become root factors for worsening municipal solid waste in Pakistan. Solid waste is capable to yield energy in the country, if it is treated either by bio-chemical or thermo-chemical process. The findings of study lead to recommend that waste to energy concept should be promoted in the country for sustainable environment and economic growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Korai, Muhammad Safar & Mahar, Rasool Bux & Uqaili, Muhammad Aslam, 2017. "The feasibility of municipal solid waste for energy generation and its existing management practices in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 338-353.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:72:y:2017:i:c:p:338-353
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.051
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032117300606
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.051?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jain, Siddharth & Sharma, M.P., 2011. "Power generation from MSW of Haridwar city: A feasibility study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 69-90, January.
    2. Dimitri J. Papageorgiou & Alejandro Toriello & George L. Nemhauser & Martin W. P. Savelsbergh, 2012. "Fixed-Charge Transportation with Product Blending," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(2), pages 281-295, May.
    3. Haruvy, Ernan E. & Li, Tao & Sethi, Suresh P., 2012. "Two-stage pricing for custom-made products," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 219(2), pages 405-414.
    4. Farooq, Muhammad Khalid & Kumar, S., 2013. "An assessment of renewable energy potential for electricity generation in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 240-254.
    5. Dotsey, Michael & Li, Wenli & Yang, Fang, 2015. "Home production and Social Security reform," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 131-150.
    6. dai, feng, 2012. "Categorized production function: a note," MPRA Paper 38403, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Julie Ing, 2012. "Production sharing agreements under stock uncertainty," Post-Print halshs-00761337, HAL.
    8. ., 2012. "The transition from production to orchestration," Chapters, in: Managing Transaction Costs in the Era of Globalization, chapter 5, pages 84-116, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    9. Ahmed, Vaqar & Malik, Amin Aslam Khan & Ramay, Shakeel & Munawwar, Zuhair & Pervaiz, Amir, 2011. "National economic and environmental development study: the case of Pakistan," MPRA Paper 30942, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Catherine Yap Co, 2012. "US Trade in Advanced Technology Products," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 16(1), pages 16-30, February.
    11. Kessides, Ioannis N., 2013. "Chaos in power: Pakistan's electricity crisis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 271-285.
    12. Zuberi, M. Jibran S. & Ali, Shazia F., 2015. "Greenhouse effect reduction by recovering energy from waste landfills in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 117-131.
    13. Raheem, Abdur & Hassan, Mohammad Yusri & Shakoor, Rabia, 2016. "Bioenergy from anaerobic digestion in Pakistan: Potential, development and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 264-275.
    14. Da Zhu & P. U. Asnani & Chris Zurbrügg & Sebastian Anapolsky & Shyamala Mani, 2008. "Improving Municipal Solid Waste Management in India : A Sourcebook for Policy Makers and Practitioners," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 6916, December.
    15. Trofimova T.V. & Efimychev Y.I. & Trofimov O.V., 2012. "Ensuring production growth through innovation," Published Papers novg39, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
    16. Zaman, Khalid & Khan, Muhammad M. & Ahmad, Mehboob & Rustam, Rabiah, 2012. "Determinants of electricity consumption function in Pakistan: Old wine in a new bottle," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 623-634.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Arshad, Muhammad & Bano, Ijaz & Khan, Nasrullah & Shahzad, Mirza Imran & Younus, Muhammad & Abbas, Mazhar & Iqbal, Munawar, 2018. "Electricity generation from biogas of poultry waste: An assessment of potential and feasibility in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1241-1246.
    2. Sohoo, Ihsanullah & Ritzkowski, Marco & Heerenklage, Jörn & Kuchta, Kerstin, 2021. "Biochemical methane potential assessment of municipal solid waste generated in Asian cities: A case study of Karachi, Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    3. World Bank, 2021. "Pakistan," World Bank Publications - Reports 35501, The World Bank Group.
    4. Safar, Korai Muhammad & Bux, Mahar Rasool & Faria, Uqaili & Pervez, Shaikh, 2021. "Integrated model of municipal solid waste management for energy recovery in Pakistan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    5. Ihsanullah Sohoo & Marco Ritzkowski & Kerstin Kuchta & Senem Önen Cinar, 2020. "Environmental Sustainability Enhancement of Waste Disposal Sites in Developing Countries through Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    6. Ihsanullah Sohoo & Marco Ritzkowski & Muhammad Sultan & Muhammad Farooq & Kerstin Kuchta, 2022. "Conceptualization of Bioreactor Landfill Approach for Sustainable Waste Management in Karachi, Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-22, March.
    7. Naqvi, Salman Raza & Tariq, Rumaisa & Hameed, Zeeshan & Ali, Imtiaz & Naqvi, Muhammad & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Ceylan, Selim & Rashid, Harith & Ahmad, Junaid & Taqvi, Syed A. & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2019. "Pyrolysis of high ash sewage sludge: Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis using Coats-Redfern method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 854-860.
    8. Wajahat Ullah Khan Tareen & Zuha Anjum & Nabila Yasin & Leenah Siddiqui & Ifzana Farhat & Suheel Abdullah Malik & Saad Mekhilef & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Ben Horan & Mohamed Darwish & Muhammad Aamir &, 2018. "The Prospective Non-Conventional Alternate and Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan—A Focus on Biomass Energy for Power Generation, Transportation, and Industrial Fuel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-49, September.
    9. Muhammad Nawaz & Muhammad Tariq Yousafzai & Salim Khan & Wisal Ahmad & Muhammad Salman & Heesup Han & Antonio Ariza-Montes & Alejandro Vega-Muñoz, 2021. "Assessing the Formal and Informal Waste Recycling Business Processes through a Stakeholders Lens in Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-16, October.
    10. Khatri, Krishan Lal & Muhammad, Amir Raza & Soomro, Shakir Ali & Tunio, Nadeem Ahmed & Ali, Muhammad Mubarak, 2021. "Investigation of possible solid waste power potential for distributed generation development to overcome the power crises of Karachi city," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    11. Ihsanullah Sohoo & Marco Ritzkowski & Zubair Ahmed Sohu & Senem Önen Cinar & Zhi Kai Chong & Kerstin Kuchta, 2021. "Estimation of Methane Production and Electrical Energy Generation from Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Sites in Pakistan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-17, April.
    12. Muhammad Mufti Azis & Jonas Kristanto & Chandra Wahyu Purnomo, 2021. "A Techno-Economic Evaluation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Conversion to Energy in Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-10, June.
    13. Kuznetsova, Elizaveta & Cardin, Michel-Alexandre & Diao, Mingzhen & Zhang, Sizhe, 2019. "Integrated decision-support methodology for combined centralized-decentralized waste-to-energy management systems design," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 477-500.
    14. Abdulrahman Abdeljaber & Rawan Zannerni & Wedad Masoud & Mohamed Abdallah & Lisandra Rocha-Meneses, 2022. "Eco-Efficiency Analysis of Integrated Waste Management Strategies Based on Gasification and Mechanical Biological Treatment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-18, March.
    15. Longsheng, Cheng & Ali Shah, Syed Ahsan & Solangi, Yasir Ahmed & Ahmad, Munir & Ali, Sharafat, 2022. "An integrated SWOT-multi-criteria analysis of implementing sustainable waste-to-energy in Pakistan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1438-1453.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sohoo, Ihsanullah & Ritzkowski, Marco & Heerenklage, Jörn & Kuchta, Kerstin, 2021. "Biochemical methane potential assessment of municipal solid waste generated in Asian cities: A case study of Karachi, Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    2. Syed Aziz Ur Rehman & Yanpeng Cai & Rizwan Fazal & Gordhan Das Walasai & Nayyar Hussain Mirjat, 2017. "An Integrated Modeling Approach for Forecasting Long-Term Energy Demand in Pakistan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-23, November.
    3. Muhammad U. Khan & Muhammad Ahmad & Muhammad Sultan & Ihsanullah Sohoo & Prakash C. Ghimire & Azlan Zahid & Abid Sarwar & Muhammad Farooq & Uzair Sajjad & Peyman Abdeshahian & Maryam Yousaf, 2021. "Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure in Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-17, June.
    4. Valasai, Gordhan Das & Uqaili, Muhammad Aslam & Memon, HafeezUr Rahman & Samoo, Saleem Raza & Mirjat, Nayyar Hussain & Harijan, Khanji, 2017. "Overcoming electricity crisis in Pakistan: A review of sustainable electricity options," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 734-745.
    5. Coelho, B. & Andrade-Campos, A., 2014. "Efficiency achievement in water supply systems—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 59-84.
    6. Perwez, Usama & Sohail, Ahmed & Hassan, Syed Fahad & Zia, Usman, 2015. "The long-term forecast of Pakistan's electricity supply and demand: An application of long range energy alternatives planning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 2423-2435.
    7. Fazal, Rizwan & Rehman, Syed Aziz Ur & Bhatti, M. Ishaq, 2022. "Graph theoretic approach to expose the energy-induced crisis in Pakistan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    8. Duan, Wenqi & Khurshid, Adnan & Nazir, Naila & Khan, Khalid & Calin, Adrian Cantemir, 2022. "From gray to green: Energy crises and the role of CPEC," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 188-207.
    9. Khan, Abid A. & Shahzad, Asim & Hayat, Imran & Miah, Md Salim, 2016. "Recovery of flow conditions for optimum electricity generation through micro hydro turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 940-948.
    10. Nawaz, Saima & Iqbal, Nasir & Anwar, Saba, 2014. "Modelling electricity demand using the STAR (Smooth Transition Auto-Regressive) model in Pakistan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 535-542.
    11. Sana Bashir & Iftikhar Ahmad & Sajid Rashid Ahmad, 2018. "Low-Emission Modeling for Energy Demand in the Household Sector: A Study of Pakistan as a Developing Economy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-17, October.
    12. Wajahat Ullah Khan Tareen & Muhammad Tariq Dilbar & Muhammad Farhan & Muhammad Ali Nawaz & Ali Waqar Durrani & Kamran Ali Memon & Saad Mekhilef & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Ben Horan & Muhammad Amir & Mu, 2019. "Present Status and Potential of Biomass Energy in Pakistan Based on Existing and Future Renewable Resources," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-40, December.
    13. Sadiqa, Ayesha & Gulagi, Ashish & Breyer, Christian, 2018. "Energy transition roadmap towards 100% renewable energy and role of storage technologies for Pakistan by 2050," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 518-533.
    14. Ashfaq, Asad & Ianakiev, Anton, 2018. "Features of fully integrated renewable energy atlas for Pakistan; wind, solar and cooling," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 14-27.
    15. Dastjerdi, B. & Strezov, V. & Kumar, R. & Behnia, M., 2019. "An evaluation of the potential of waste to energy technologies for residual solid waste in New South Wales, Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    16. Longsheng, Cheng & Ali Shah, Syed Ahsan & Solangi, Yasir Ahmed & Ahmad, Munir & Ali, Sharafat, 2022. "An integrated SWOT-multi-criteria analysis of implementing sustainable waste-to-energy in Pakistan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1438-1453.
    17. Rehan, Mohammad & Raza, Muhammad Amir & Aman, M.M. & Abro, Abdul Ghani & Ismail, Iqbal Mohammad Ibrahim & Munir, Said & Summan, Ahmed & Shahzad, Khurram & Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz & Ali, Nadeem, 2023. "Untapping the potential of bioenergy for achieving sustainable energy future in Pakistan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    18. Ur Rehman, Syed Aziz & Cai, Yanpeng & Mirjat, Nayyar Hussain & Walasai, Gordhan Das & Nafees, Mohammad, 2019. "Energy-environment-economy nexus in Pakistan: Lessons from a PAK-TIMES model," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 200-211.
    19. Raheem, Abdur & Hassan, Mohammad Yusri & Shakoor, Rabia, 2016. "Bioenergy from anaerobic digestion in Pakistan: Potential, development and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 264-275.
    20. Shaikh, Faheemullah & Ji, Qiang & Fan, Ying, 2015. "The diagnosis of an electricity crisis and alternative energy development in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1172-1185.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:72:y:2017:i:c:p:338-353. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.