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The effect of injection strategy and ternary ethanol blend on the spray behavior and its resultant on combustion characteristics

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  • Thongchai, Sakda
  • Lim, Ocktaeck
  • Tongroon, Manida

Abstract

Ethanol blend has been applied in a gasoline engine for many decades. However, it has a tremendous barrier for a compression ignition engine. Phase stability is one of the crucial factors. This research studies the ethanol-blended fuel in the diesel engine using biodiesel as the emulsifier. Because it has been sold commercially, 10 % biodiesel blended in diesel (B10) is selected to mix with ethanol. As a result, 10 % ethanol (B10E10) could add into B10 without phase separation. The effect of the ternary blend on spray structure when varying injection pressure and air density is first investigated. The degree of atomization is analyzed through the Ohnesorge diagram. The influence of the spray on the combustion is last examined. The results found that cavitation is a remarkable feature of the ternary blend. It dominates the spray of ethanol blend over the operating conditions. The internal flow incident alters the tri-blend spray differing from the diesel and B10. B10E10 has the greatest atomization, followed by diesel and B10. The puffing phenomenon occurs and results in combustion. Since fuel properties (heat of vaporization) significantly affect the combustion, the effect of spray could not interfere. Therefore, the correlation between spray and combustion could not conclude.

Suggested Citation

  • Thongchai, Sakda & Lim, Ocktaeck & Tongroon, Manida, 2025. "The effect of injection strategy and ternary ethanol blend on the spray behavior and its resultant on combustion characteristics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:243:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125001417
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122479
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    References listed on IDEAS

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