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Continuous production of fatty acid methyl esters and high-purity glycerol over a dolomite-derived extrudate catalyst in a countercurrent-flow trickle-bed reactor

Author

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  • Jindapon, Wayu
  • Ruengyoo, Supapan
  • Kuchonthara, Prapan
  • Ngamcharussrivichai, Chawalit
  • Vitidsant, Tharapong

Abstract

In this work, fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), as biodiesel components, were continuously produced via the heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of palm oil with methanol vapor in a countercurrent-flow trickle-bed reactor. Dolomitic rock was used as natural calcium source in the preparation of the calcium oxide-based extrudate catalyst via a physical mixing method. Effects of operating parameters on the FAME yield and the two-phase flow behavior were investigated. The reaction system was characterized by a high mass diffusion resistance at gas-liquid-solid interfaces due to the low solubility of methanol in triglycerides and the high viscosity of oil. Mixing palm oil with commercial grade methyl decanoate, a C10 methyl ester (C10 CME), at a 1:1 mass ratio during the start-up period promoted FAME production. The FAME yield was enhanced by increasing the operating temperature and the methanol flow rate, while operation at a high oil flow rate severely decreased the FAME yield. The concentration of C10 CME, which acted as an emulsifier, in the catalyst bed was crucial to maintain the FAME production stability. In addition to a high FAME yield (ca. 92.3 wt%), the system provided glycerol, obtained without any washing, at a high purity of 93.6 wt%.

Suggested Citation

  • Jindapon, Wayu & Ruengyoo, Supapan & Kuchonthara, Prapan & Ngamcharussrivichai, Chawalit & Vitidsant, Tharapong, 2020. "Continuous production of fatty acid methyl esters and high-purity glycerol over a dolomite-derived extrudate catalyst in a countercurrent-flow trickle-bed reactor," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 626-636.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:157:y:2020:i:c:p:626-636
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.05.066
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Quispe, César A.G. & Coronado, Christian J.R. & Carvalho Jr., João A., 2013. "Glycerol: Production, consumption, prices, characterization and new trends in combustion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 475-493.
    2. Leung, Dennis Y.C. & Wu, Xuan & Leung, M.K.H., 2010. "A review on biodiesel production using catalyzed transesterification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(4), pages 1083-1095, April.
    3. Jaiyen, Siyada & Naree, Thikumporn & Ngamcharussrivichai, Chawalit, 2015. "Comparative study of natural dolomitic rock and waste mixed seashells as heterogeneous catalysts for the methanolysis of palm oil to biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 433-440.
    4. Ardi, M.S. & Aroua, M.K. & Hashim, N. Awanis, 2015. "Progress, prospect and challenges in glycerol purification process: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1164-1173.
    5. Blin, J. & Brunschwig, C. & Chapuis, A. & Changotade, O. & Sidibe, S.S. & Noumi, E.S. & Girard, P., 2013. "Characteristics of vegetable oils for use as fuel in stationary diesel engines—Towards specifications for a standard in West Africa," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 580-597.
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    1. Vávra, Aleš & Hájek, Martin & Kocián, David, 2021. "The influence of vegetable oils composition on separation of transesterification products, especially quality of glycerol," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 262-268.

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