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The probability smoothing problem: Characterizations of the Laplace method

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  • Sakai, Toyotaka

Abstract

We formulate an axiomatic model to analyze the problem of probability smoothing in Naïve Bayes. We define several desirable properties of smoothing methods. Our main result shows that the Laplace smoothing method is the only one that satisfies ratio preservation, order preservation, and positivity. An alternative characterization based on reallocation-proofness is also obtained.

Suggested Citation

  • Sakai, Toyotaka, 2025. "The probability smoothing problem: Characterizations of the Laplace method," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:matsoc:v:135:y:2025:i:c:s0165489625000241
    DOI: 10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2025.102409
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    References listed on IDEAS

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