IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/jotrge/v88y2020ics0966692320302556.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

What is ‘neighborhood walkability’? How the built environment differently correlates with walking for different purposes and with walking on weekdays and weekends

Author

Listed:
  • Gao, Jie
  • Kamphuis, Carlijn B.M.
  • Helbich, Marco
  • Ettema, Dick

Abstract

Residential environments are associated with people's walking behavior. Transit-related, non-transit-related, and recreational walking may be differently associated with residential environments on weekdays and weekends, but empirical evidence is scarce. We therefore examined 1) to which extent these types of walking correlated with natural and built environmental characteristics of residential neighborhoods, 2) how these correlations differ for walking on weekdays and weekends, and 3) what substitution and complementarity effects between different types of walking exist. Our sample comprised 92,298 people aged ≥18 years from the pooled Dutch National Travel Survey 2010–2014. Multivariate Tobit regression models were used to assess the associations between the natural and built environment and the three types of walking (in average minutes per day). Our models accounted for cross-correlations between the walking types. Our results showed that denser residential areas encouraged both longer transit-related and non-transit-related transport walking on weekdays and weekends, whereas lower density neighborhoods were positively associated with recreational walking on weekdays. Shorter distances to public transport were only significantly associated with transit-related transport walking on weekdays. Shorter distances to daily facilities were positively associated with non-transit-related transport on weekdays. No significant associations between built environment and recreational walking were found on weekends. Additionally, some compensation effects between different types of walking seem to be at play: during weekends, recreational walking was inversely correlated with transit-related transport walking. Residential environments seem to affect walking types in a different way, suggesting that one size fits all policies might be less effective. Intervention strategies should be tailored for each walking type separately.

Suggested Citation

  • Gao, Jie & Kamphuis, Carlijn B.M. & Helbich, Marco & Ettema, Dick, 2020. "What is ‘neighborhood walkability’? How the built environment differently correlates with walking for different purposes and with walking on weekdays and weekends," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:88:y:2020:i:c:s0966692320302556
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102860
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966692320302556
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102860?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Han Zhang & Jari Kuuluvainen & Hongqiang Yang & Yi Xie & Can Liu, 2017. "The Effect of Off-Farm Employment on Forestland Transfers in China: A Simultaneous-Equation Tobit Model Estimation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-14, September.
    2. Chinh Ho & Corinne Mulley, 2013. "Tour-based mode choice of joint household travel patterns on weekend and weekday," Transportation, Springer, vol. 40(4), pages 789-811, July.
    3. Yang, Liya & Shen, Qing & Li, Zhibin, 2016. "Comparing travel mode and trip chain choices between holidays and weekdays," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 273-285.
    4. Daniels, Rhonda & Mulley, Corinne, 2013. "Explaining walking distance to public transport: The dominance of public transport supply," The Journal of Transport and Land Use, Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota, vol. 6(2), pages 5-20.
    5. Liu, Chengxi & Susilo, Yusak O. & Karlström, Anders, 2015. "The influence of weather characteristics variability on individual’s travel mode choice in different seasons and regions in Sweden," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 147-158.
    6. Shelat, Sanmay & Huisman, Raymond & van Oort, Niels, 2018. "Analysing the trip and user characteristics of the combined bicycle and transit mode," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 68-76.
    7. Reid Ewing & Robert Cervero, 2010. "Travel and the Built Environment," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 76(3), pages 265-294.
    8. Helbich, Marco & Böcker, Lars & Dijst, Martin, 2014. "Geographic heterogeneity in cycling under various weather conditions: evidence from Greater Rotterdam," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 38-47.
    9. Giles-Corti, Billie & Bull, Fiona & Knuiman, Matthew & McCormack, Gavin & Van Niel, Kimberly & Timperio, Anna & Christian, Hayley & Foster, Sarah & Divitini, Mark & Middleton, Nick & Boruff, Bryan, 2013. "The influence of urban design on neighbourhood walking following residential relocation: Longitudinal results from the RESIDE study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 20-30.
    10. Huang, Ho-Chuan (River), 1999. "Estimation of the SUR Tobit model via the MCECM algorithm," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 64(1), pages 25-30, July.
    11. Böcker, Lars & Dijst, Martin & Faber, Jan & Helbich, Marco, 2015. "En-route weather and place valuations for different transport mode users," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 128-138.
    12. Lachapelle, Ugo & Noland, Robert B., 2012. "Does the commute mode affect the frequency of walking behavior? The public transit link," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 26-36.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yunzi Yang & Yuanyuan Ma & Hongzan Jiao, 2021. "Exploring the Correlation between Block Vitality and Block Environment Based on Multisource Big Data: Taking Wuhan City as an Example," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-23, September.
    2. Fernando Fonseca & Elisa Conticelli & George Papageorgiou & Paulo Ribeiro & Mona Jabbari & Simona Tondelli & Rui Ramos, 2021. "Levels and Characteristics of Utilitarian Walking in the Central Areas of the Cities of Bologna and Porto," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-22, March.
    3. Anna Visvizi & Shahira Assem Abdel-Razek & Roman Wosiek & Radosław Malik, 2021. "Conceptualizing Walking and Walkability in the Smart City through a Model Composite w 2 Smart City Utility Index," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-20, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Senes, Giulio & Rovelli, Roberto & Bertoni, Danilo & Arata, Laura & Fumagalli, Natalia & Toccolini, Alessandro, 2017. "Factors influencing greenways use: Definition of a method for estimation in the Italian context," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 175-187.
    2. Liya Yang & Lingqian Hu & Zhenbo Wang, 2019. "The built environment and trip chaining behaviour revisited: The joint effects of the modifiable areal unit problem and tour purpose," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(4), pages 795-817, March.
    3. Chengxi Liu & Yusak O. Susilo & Anders Karlström, 2017. "Weather variability and travel behaviour – what we know and what we do not know," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(6), pages 715-741, November.
    4. Jie Gao & Dick Ettema & Marco Helbich & Carlijn B. M. Kamphuis, 2019. "Travel mode attitudes, urban context, and demographics: do they interact differently for bicycle commuting and cycling for other purposes?," Transportation, Springer, vol. 46(6), pages 2441-2463, December.
    5. Bereitschaft, Bradley, 2020. "Gentrification and the evolution of commuting behavior within America's urban cores, 2000–2015," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    6. Wang, Fenglong & Mao, Zidan & Wang, Donggen, 2020. "Residential relocation and travel satisfaction change: An empirical study in Beijing, China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 341-353.
    7. Hong, Jinhyun & Philip McArthur, David & Stewart, Joanna L., 2020. "Can providing safe cycling infrastructure encourage people to cycle more when it rains? The use of crowdsourced cycling data (Strava)," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 109-121.
    8. Vale, David S. & Viana, Cláudia M. & Pereira, Mauro, 2018. "The extended node-place model at the local scale: Evaluating the integration of land use and transport for Lisbon's subway network," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 282-293.
    9. Guan, Xiaodong & Wang, Donggen, 2019. "Influences of the built environment on travel: A household-based perspective," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 710-724.
    10. Patrick Moore & Marco Helbich, 2020. "Cycling through the Landscape of Advertising in Amsterdam: A Commuters Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-14, July.
    11. Janke, Julia, 2021. "Re-visiting residential self-selection and dissonance: Does intra-household decision-making change the results?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 379-401.
    12. Wei, Ming & Liu, Yan & Sigler, Thomas & Liu, Xiaoyang & Corcoran, Jonathan, 2019. "The influence of weather conditions on adult transit ridership in the sub-tropics," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 106-118.
    13. Yiwei Bai & Yihang Bai & Ruoyu Wang & Tianren Yang & Xinyao Song & Bo Bai, 2023. "Exploring Associations between the Built Environment and Cycling Behaviour around Urban Greenways from a Human-Scale Perspective," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-19, March.
    14. Wu, Guoqiang & Hong, Jinhyun, 2022. "An analysis of the role of residential location on the relationships between time spent online and non-mandatory activity-travel time use over time," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    15. Tilahun, Nebiyou & Thakuriah, Piyushimita (Vonu) & Li, Moyin & Keita, Yaye, 2016. "Transit use and the work commute: Analyzing the role of last mile issues," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 359-368.
    16. Yang, Hongtai & Huo, Jinghai & Bao, Yongxing & Li, Xuan & Yang, Linchuan & Cherry, Christopher R., 2021. "Impact of e-scooter sharing on bike sharing in Chicago," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 23-36.
    17. De Vos, Jonas & Ettema, Dick & Witlox, Frank, 2018. "Changing travel behaviour and attitudes following a residential relocation," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 131-147.
    18. Michael, Yvonne L. & Nagel, Corey L. & Gold, Rachel & Hillier, Teresa A., 2014. "Does change in the neighborhood environment prevent obesity in older women?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 129-137.
    19. De Vos, Jonas & Mouratidis, Kostas & Cheng, Long & Kamruzzaman, Md., 2021. "Does a residential relocation enable satisfying travel?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 188-201.
    20. Gupta, Akshay & Bivina, G.R. & Parida, Manoranjan, 2022. "Does neighborhood design matter for walk access to metro stations? An integrated SEM-Hybrid discrete mode choice approach," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 61-77.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:88:y:2020:i:c:s0966692320302556. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-transport-geography .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.