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Water accessibility and child health: Use of the leave-out strategy of instruments

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  • Lamichhane, Dirga Kumar
  • Mangyo, Eiji

Abstract

This paper investigates the leave-out strategy of instruments by using the leave-out community ratio of household access to in-yard water sources and community water infrastructure as instruments for hours in fetching water time, and the data on disease symptoms. The results show that community-level access to clean water is significantly associated with both water-relevant and irrelevant disease symptoms, which suggests that the correlation between community-level access to clean water and child health is at least partially due to endogenous project placement potentially with respect to unobserved community wealth. The paper concludes that the OLS estimates have a potential endogeneity bias problem and that IV estimates under this strategy is subject to endogenous project placement and is not valid. A policy implication of this study is that careful attention should be paid to both self-selection and endogenous project placement in studying the effect of water accessibility on child health.

Suggested Citation

  • Lamichhane, Dirga Kumar & Mangyo, Eiji, 2011. "Water accessibility and child health: Use of the leave-out strategy of instruments," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(5), pages 1000-1010.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jhecon:v:30:y:2011:i:5:p:1000-1010
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2011.07.001
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    Cited by:

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    2. Uchenna, Efobi & Joseph, Ajefu, 2024. "Exploring the Spillover Effects of Internally Displaced Settlements on the Wellbeing of Children of the Locales," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1381, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    3. Vanaja, S., 2018. "Access to Piped Water, Time Savings and Absenteeism in School: Evidence from India," 2018 Conference, July 28-August 2, 2018, Vancouver, British Columbia 275954, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    4. Calzada, Joan & Iranzo Sancho, Susana, 2012. "Neither Private nor Public: The Effects of Communal Provision of Water on Child Health in Peru," Working Papers 2072/196649, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Economics.
    5. Pushkar Maitra & Sandip Mitra & Dilip Mookherjee & Sujata Visaria, 2023. "Economic Policies vs. Identity Politics: The Rise of a Right-wing Nationalist Party in India," HKUST CEP Working Papers Series 202301, HKUST Center for Economic Policy.
    6. Maitra, Pushkar & Miller, Ray & Sedai, Ashish, 2023. "Household welfare effects of ROSCAs," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    7. Pushkar Maitra & Ray Miller & Ashish Sedai, 2022. "Household Welfare Effects of ROSCAs," Monash Economics Working Papers 2022-14, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    8. Jie Dong & Kuan Zhang & Xiguo Yin & Houjian Li & Mansoor Ahmed Koondhar, 2021. "Does piped water improve adolescent health? Empirical evidence from rural China," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(3), pages 1601-1628, August.
    9. Sefa Awaworyi Churchill & Janet Exornam Ocloo & Diana Siawor-Robertson, 2017. "Ethnic Diversity and Health Outcomes," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 134(3), pages 1077-1112, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Fetching water time; Leave-out strategy; Endogenous project placement; Child health;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C31 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models; Quantile Regressions; Social Interaction Models
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General

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