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Unpacking the role of context: Understanding ambidextrous orientation in family firms

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  • Botero, Isabel C.
  • Barriuso, M. Cristina
  • Barroso, Ascension
  • Sanguino, Ramon
  • Bañegil, Tomas M.

Abstract

To sustain long-term performance, family firms must balance the competing demands between innovation and operational efficiency − a capability known as ambidexterity. This study examines how family involvement and contextual factors impact ambidextrous orientation and its impact on performance. Drawing on upper echelons and contingency theories, we propose that the influence of family involvement varies based on how it is defined and on the fit between internal capabilities and external conditions.Using survey data from 130 family firms, we find that ambidextrous orientation positively relates to performance. Moreover, family ownership and strategic renewal are positively associated with ambidextrous orientation, while a high proportion of family members in top management is negatively related. Environmental dynamism further moderates key relationships. These results highlight the multidimensional nature of ambidexterity in family firms and the need to differentiate forms of family involvement. By contextualizing ambidextrous orientation within family firm dynamics, this research offers a nuanced understanding of the factors enabling strategic flexibility and long-term success in family firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Botero, Isabel C. & Barriuso, M. Cristina & Barroso, Ascension & Sanguino, Ramon & Bañegil, Tomas M., 2026. "Unpacking the role of context: Understanding ambidextrous orientation in family firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbrese:v:204:y:2026:i:c:s0148296325006915
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115868
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