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Effects of class-size reduction on cognitive and non-cognitive skills

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  • Ito, Hirotake
  • Nakamuro, Makiko
  • Yamaguchi, Shintaro

Abstract

We estimate the effects of class-size reduction by exploiting exogenous variation caused by Maimonides’ rule, which requires that the maximum class size is 40 students and that classes be split into two when 41 students are enrolled. Our data cover all fourth to ninth graders in 1064 public schools in an anonymous prefecture of Japan for three years. We find that the effects of class-size reduction on academic test scores are statistically and/or economically insignificant when school fixed effects are controlled. We find no evidence that small class size improves non-cognitive skills.

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  • Ito, Hirotake & Nakamuro, Makiko & Yamaguchi, Shintaro, 2020. "Effects of class-size reduction on cognitive and non-cognitive skills," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:japwor:v:53:y:2020:i:c:s0922142519300088
    DOI: 10.1016/j.japwor.2019.100977
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    2. Niki, Minae, 2024. "Does the reduction in instruction time affect student achievement and motivation? Evidence from Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).

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