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Power from salinity gradients

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  • Wick, Gerald L.

Abstract

A large source of energy exists at the interface between water bodies of different salinities. Two techniques, pressure-retarded osmosis and reverse electrodialysis, appear to be promising entrees into this energy source. Although the present cost of membranes suitable to these methods is too high, a research and development effort should make this salinity gradient energy competitive with other energy sources.

Suggested Citation

  • Wick, Gerald L., 1978. "Power from salinity gradients," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 3(1), pages 95-100.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:3:y:1978:i:1:p:95-100
    DOI: 10.1016/0360-5442(78)90059-2
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    Cited by:

    1. Cala, Anggie & Maturana-Córdoba, Aymer & Soto-Verjel, Joseph, 2023. "Exploring the pretreatments' influence on pressure reverse osmosis: PRISMA review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    2. Kjersti Wergeland Krakhella & Robert Bock & Odne Stokke Burheim & Frode Seland & Kristian Etienne Einarsrud, 2019. "Heat to H 2 : Using Waste Heat for Hydrogen Production through Reverse Electrodialysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-25, September.
    3. Daniilidis, Alexandros & Vermaas, David A. & Herber, Rien & Nijmeijer, Kitty, 2014. "Experimentally obtainable energy from mixing river water, seawater or brines with reverse electrodialysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 123-131.
    4. Olkis, C. & Santori, G. & Brandani, S., 2018. "An Adsorption Reverse Electrodialysis system for the generation of electricity from low-grade heat," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 222-234.
    5. Helfer, Fernanda & Lemckert, Charles, 2015. "The power of salinity gradients: An Australian example," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1-16.
    6. Ciofalo, Michele & La Cerva, Mariagiorgia & Di Liberto, Massimiliano & Gurreri, Luigi & Cipollina, Andrea & Micale, Giorgio, 2019. "Optimization of net power density in Reverse Electrodialysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 576-588.
    7. Giacalone, F. & Papapetrou, M. & Kosmadakis, G. & Tamburini, A. & Micale, G. & Cipollina, A., 2019. "Application of reverse electrodialysis to site-specific types of saline solutions: A techno-economic assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 532-547.
    8. Essalhi, Mohamed & Halil Avci, Ahmet & Lipnizki, Frank & Tavajohi, Naser, 2023. "The potential of salinity gradient energy based on natural and anthropogenic resources in Sweden," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    9. Jeong, Hoe-In & Kim, Hyun Jung & Kim, Dong-Kwon, 2014. "Numerical analysis of transport phenomena in reverse electrodialysis for system design and optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 229-237.
    10. Ali, Aamer & Tufa, Ramato Ashu & Macedonio, Francesca & Curcio, Efrem & Drioli, Enrico, 2018. "Membrane technology in renewable-energy-driven desalination," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1-21.
    11. Emdadi, Arash & Gikas, Petros & Farazaki, Maria & Emami, Yunus, 2016. "Salinity gradient energy potential at the hyper saline Urmia Lake – ZarrinehRud River system in Iran," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 154-162.
    12. Kim, Juwan & Kim, Sung Jin & Kim, Dong-Kwon, 2013. "Energy harvesting from salinity gradient by reverse electrodialysis with anodic alumina nanopores," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 413-421.
    13. Tian, Hailong & Wang, Ying & Pei, Yuansheng & Crittenden, John C., 2020. "Unique applications and improvements of reverse electrodialysis: A review and outlook," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    14. Wang, Y. & Wang, H. & Wan, C.Q., 2018. "The effect of colloids on nanofluidic power generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 863-867.
    15. Hailong Gao & Zhiyong Xiao & Jie Zhang & Xiaohan Zhang & Xiangdong Liu & Xinying Liu & Jin Cui & Jianbo Li, 2023. "Optimization Study on Salinity Gradient Energy Capture from Brine and Dilute Brine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-16, June.
    16. Avci, Ahmet H. & Tufa, Ramato A. & Fontananova, Enrica & Di Profio, Gianluca & Curcio, Efrem, 2018. "Reverse Electrodialysis for energy production from natural river water and seawater," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 512-521.
    17. Kang, Byeong Dong & Kim, Hyun Jung & Lee, Moon Gu & Kim, Dong-Kwon, 2015. "Numerical study on energy harvesting from concentration gradient by reverse electrodialysis in anodic alumina nanopores," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 525-538.
    18. Miller, S.L. & Svrcek, M.N. & Teh, K.-Y. & Edwards, C.F., 2011. "Requirements for designing chemical engines with reversible reactions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 99-110.
    19. Chin, Hon Huin & Varbanov, Petar Sabev & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Kravanja, Zdravko, 2023. "Novel circularity and sustainability assessment of symbiosis networks through the Energy Quality Pinch concept," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).

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