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Requirements for designing chemical engines with reversible reactions

Author

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  • Miller, S.L.
  • Svrcek, M.N.
  • Teh, K.-Y.
  • Edwards, C.F.

Abstract

Entropy generation during chemical reactions can cause significant irreversibility in chemical engines. These irreversibilities reduce the exergy of the fuel resource preventing potential work production. Understanding the cause of these irreversibilities and developing strategies for reducing them is critical for increasing engine efficiency. All chemical engines can be separated into two categories depending on how they manage the chemical reaction: restrained and unrestrained. A fuel cell with an electric motor is an example of a restrained engine design. Restrained engines have the potential to operate near the reversible limit, with no entropy generation from the chemical reaction. Combustion engines are unrestrained engines, which means the engine design has a built-in irreversibility due to the way it conducts the chemical reaction. This paper defines the requirements necessary to build restrained chemical engines, which helps to identify fundamental strategies for increasing efficiency in both engine designs as well as trade-offs between the two options.

Suggested Citation

  • Miller, S.L. & Svrcek, M.N. & Teh, K.-Y. & Edwards, C.F., 2011. "Requirements for designing chemical engines with reversible reactions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 99-110.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:36:y:2011:i:1:p:99-110
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2010.11.002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wick, Gerald L., 1978. "Power from salinity gradients," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 3(1), pages 95-100.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ramakrishnan, Sankaran & Edwards, Christopher F., 2014. "Maximum-efficiency architectures for steady-flow combustion engines, I: Attractor trajectory optimization approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 44-57.
    2. Santhanam, S. & Heddrich, M.P. & Riedel, M. & Friedrich, K.A., 2017. "Theoretical and experimental study of Reversible Solid Oxide Cell (r-SOC) systems for energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 202-214.
    3. Chen, Ruihua & Xu, Weicong & Deng, Shuai & Zhao, Ruikai & Choi, Siyoung Q. & Zhao, Li, 2023. "A contemporary description of the Carnot cycle featured by chemical work from equilibrium: The electrochemical Carnot cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    4. Chen, Ruihua & Zhao, Ruikai & Deng, Shuai & Zhao, Li & Xu, Weicong, 2021. "A cycle research methodology for thermo-chemical engines: From ideal cycle to case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    5. Jeong, Hoe-In & Kim, Hyun Jung & Kim, Dong-Kwon, 2014. "Numerical analysis of transport phenomena in reverse electrodialysis for system design and optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 229-237.
    6. Kim, Juwan & Kim, Sung Jin & Kim, Dong-Kwon, 2013. "Energy harvesting from salinity gradient by reverse electrodialysis with anodic alumina nanopores," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 413-421.
    7. Zheng, Danxing & Jing, Xuye, 2013. "Chemical amplifier and energy utilization principles of heat conversion cycle systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 180-188.
    8. Kang, Byeong Dong & Kim, Hyun Jung & Lee, Moon Gu & Kim, Dong-Kwon, 2015. "Numerical study on energy harvesting from concentration gradient by reverse electrodialysis in anodic alumina nanopores," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 525-538.

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