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What is behind the increase in oil prices? Analyzing oil consumption and supply relationship with oil price

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  • Gallo, Andres
  • Mason, Paul
  • Shapiro, Steve
  • Fabritius, Michael

Abstract

The continuing increases in oil prices have renewed the argument over the real culprits behind these movements. The growth in demand for oil in international markets, especially from the United States and China, is often identified as the main source of consumption pressure on prices, and thus the upward trend in oil prices. This paper uses unit root tests with two endogenous breaks to analyze the characteristics of oil prices, production, and consumption for several countries. By taking into account structural breaks, we find that many countries’ oil consumption and oil prices are stationary, while other countries are not. We also perform causality tests to determine the direction of any possible relationship between oil price and oil consumption and production. Our statistical analysis reveals that production variables cause oil prices, while oil prices tend to cause consumption. As a result, we claim that the blame for the recent fluctuations in oil prices is more appropriately associated with supply factors, not consumption influences.

Suggested Citation

  • Gallo, Andres & Mason, Paul & Shapiro, Steve & Fabritius, Michael, 2010. "What is behind the increase in oil prices? Analyzing oil consumption and supply relationship with oil price," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 4126-4141.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:35:y:2010:i:10:p:4126-4141
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2010.06.033
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    14. Yong Jiang & Yi-Shuai Ren & Chao-Qun Ma & Jiang-Long Liu & Basil Sharp, 2018. "Does the price of strategic commodities respond to U.S. Partisan Conflict?," Papers 1810.08396, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2020.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Q40 Energy general; Q41 Energy-supply and demand; L71: Industry studies – mining; extraction; and refining: hydrocarbon fuels; C22: Time series models;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q40 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - General
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • L71 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction - - - Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Hydrocarbon Fuels
    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes

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