A mathematical formulation for robust targeting in heat integrated water allocation network

Resource conservation strengthens a process industry's competitiveness and sustainability. Process integration (PI) strategies conserve resources. Heat-integrated water allocation networks (HIWANs) conserve energy and water. Process systems engineering optimizes synthesis, design, planning, scheduling, control, and supply chain. Recent developments promote robust optimization (RO) for uncertain optimization. RO optimizes for uncertain parameters to deal with data uncertainty. This research introduces a RO-based HIWAN resource-targeting model. Flow, concentration, and temperature uncertainties are modelled. The budget parameter reflects robustness. The budget restricts RO's conservatism and uncertainty, generating unduly cautious solutions. This model is explained with an example with different scenarios. Three of the scenarios have a single parameter uncertainty like source flow, source concentration, or inlet temperature, while one has multiple. Parameter behaviors are examined from nominal to worst-case scenarios. For scenario 1 where flowrate uncertainty is accounted, the robust flowrate target is 53.8% higher than the nominal value for the worst case. Similarly, for the second scenario where concentration uncertainty is accounted, robust flowrate target is 5.594% higher than nominal. In the last scenario with multiple uncertainties, the targeted flowrate increases by 59.44% compared to the nominal state. Nominal to worst-case scenarios can be handled by this model.