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Evaluating strategies to decarbonize oil and gas supply chain: Implications for energy policies in emerging economies

Author

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  • Khorasani, Mahnaz
  • Sarker, Sudipa
  • Kabir, Golam
  • Ali, Syed Mithun

Abstract

The global energy landscape is shifting rapidly, with a heightened emphasis on environmental protection. The oil and gas (O&G) industry is one of the biggest environmental polluters, accounting for 10% of all human-produced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and its products, including O&G, account for a further 33% of GHG emissions. Therefore, it is high time for the O&G sector to invest in decarbonisation to meet the global climate goal of zero emissions by 2050. This paper identifies 14 strategies to decarbonize the oil and gas supply chain (OGSC) from the extant literature. These 14 strategies pertain to the OGSC upstream, midstream, and downstream. Eight experts from the Iranian OGSC then rank these strategies. The Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory method and intuitionistic fuzzy sets are applied to explore the cause-and-effect relationships between decarbonisation strategies. A prominence relationship map is created for each stream in the OGSC to illustrate the influence of each strategy over other strategies. Results reveal that CO2 flooding technology in upstream, renewable energy integration for transport in midstream, and carbon capture, utilisation, and storage systems downstream of OGSC are the most effective for OGSC decarbonisation. The main contribution of this study is to bring forward a supply chain wide examination of decarbonisation strategies as well as the prioritisation of these strategies so that researchers and practitioners can focus on the most promising ones. If appropriately implemented, identified decarbonisation strategies will help the OGSC supply chain become climate-friendly and facilitate the attainment of net-zero CO2 emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Khorasani, Mahnaz & Sarker, Sudipa & Kabir, Golam & Ali, Syed Mithun, 2022. "Evaluating strategies to decarbonize oil and gas supply chain: Implications for energy policies in emerging economies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:258:y:2022:i:c:s036054422201708x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124805
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    2. Janpriy Sharma & Mohit Tyagi & Arvind Bhardwaj, 2026. "Endorsers measurement for decarbonised processed food supply chain through newly befitted interval valued neutrosophic vague sets," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 359(2), pages 1525-1563, April.
    3. Li, Kaixin & Zhang, Zhikai & Wang, Yudong & Zhang, Yaojie, 2024. "Forecasting crude oil returns with oil-related industry ESG indices," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    4. Natalya Romasheva & Alina Cherepovitsyna, 2023. "Renewable Energy Sources in Decarbonization: The Case of Foreign and Russian Oil and Gas Companies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-26, April.
    5. Marcella Calabrese & Maria Portarapillo & Alessandra Di Nardo & Virginia Venezia & Maria Turco & Giuseppina Luciani & Almerinda Di Benedetto, 2024. "Hydrogen Safety Challenges: A Comprehensive Review on Production, Storage, Transport, Utilization, and CFD-Based Consequence and Risk Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-26, March.
    6. Deepak Sharma & Naveen Virmani & Sachin Kumar Mangla & Pravin Kumar & R. P. Mohanty, 2025. "Leveraging Green Innovation, Organizational Learning, and Institutional Pressure to Enhance Supply Chain Flexibility: A Petroleum Refinery Perspective using SAP-LAP and e-IRP," Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, Springer;Global Institute of Flexible Systems Management, vol. 26(3), pages 543-569, September.
    7. Alexey Cherepovitsyn & Aleksei Kazanin & Evgeniya Rutenko, 2023. "Strategic Priorities for Green Diversification of Oil and Gas Companies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-17, June.
    8. N. A. Sheveleva & A. A. Cherepovitsyna & K. P. Danilin, 2024. "Assessing the Decarbonization Progress of Russian Oil and Gas Companies," Studies on Russian Economic Development, Springer, vol. 35(3), pages 406-414, June.
    9. Alina Cherepovitsyna & Nadezhda Sheveleva & Arina Riadinskaia & Konstantin Danilin, 2023. "Decarbonization Measures: A Real Effect or Just a Declaration? An Assessment of Oil and Gas Companies’ Progress towards Carbon Neutrality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-19, April.
    10. Hassan Nazir & Jianqiang Fan, 2024. "Revolutionizing Retail: Examining the Influence of Blockchain-Enabled IoT Capabilities on Sustainable Firm Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-23, April.
    11. Zichun Yan & Zehan Wang & Jingjia Zhang & Yuwei Huang & Shengtai Zhang & Mohammad Zoynul Abedin, 2026. "Navigating through green policies: how green technology innovation affects the financial cycle," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 13(1), pages 1-19, December.

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