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Economic and environmental analysis of using metal-oxides/water nanofluid in photovoltaic thermal systems (PVTs)

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  • Abadeh, Abazar
  • Rejeb, Oussama
  • Sardarabadi, Mohammad
  • Menezo, Christophe
  • Passandideh-Fard, Mohammad
  • Jemni, Abdelmajid

Abstract

In the present study, an experimental setup for a PVT system is designed and fabricated to investigate the economic and environmental aspects of using different nano-oxides/water fluids. Selected coolant fluids are: pure water, ZnO/water, Al2O3/water and TiO2/water nanofluids. To make nanofluids, nanoparticles are dispersed in distilled water by 0.2% weight fractions (wt%), separately. Based on the experimental results the amount of annual emission reduction and cost saving are investigated for different coolants. Furthermore, the payback period of the PVTs is compared with that of a conventional PV unit. The results are presented in five different scenarios due to increasing of the electricity price, up to the final price and the government subsidies for the renewable energy sources (1st: 10% annual price increasing, with no subsidy, 2nd: linear increasing price, with no subsidy, 3rd: 10% the annual price increasing, 50% subsidy, 4th: linear price increasing, 50% subsidy and 5th: linear price increasing, 75% subsidy). From the energy viewpoint, by using pure water, PVT/TiO2, PVT/ZnO and PVT/Al2O3, the size reduction of the PVT system in comparison with that of the PV is 21, 32, 33 and 24%, respectively, and from the exergy viewpoint these values are about 5, 6, 7, 6%, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Abadeh, Abazar & Rejeb, Oussama & Sardarabadi, Mohammad & Menezo, Christophe & Passandideh-Fard, Mohammad & Jemni, Abdelmajid, 2018. "Economic and environmental analysis of using metal-oxides/water nanofluid in photovoltaic thermal systems (PVTs)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 1234-1243.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:159:y:2018:i:c:p:1234-1243
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.089
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    11. Cui, Yuanlong & Zhu, Jie & Zhang, Fan & Shao, Yiming & Xue, Yibing, 2022. "Current status and future development of hybrid PV/T system with PCM module: 4E (energy, exergy, economic and environmental) assessments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    12. Menon, Govind S. & Murali, S. & Elias, Jacob & Aniesrani Delfiya, D.S. & Alfiya, P.V. & Samuel, Manoj P., 2022. "Experimental investigations on unglazed photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) system using water and nanofluid cooling medium," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 986-996.
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    15. Reji Kumar, R. & Samykano, M. & Pandey, A.K. & Kadirgama, K. & Tyagi, V.V., 2020. "Phase change materials and nano-enhanced phase change materials for thermal energy storage in photovoltaic thermal systems: A futuristic approach and its technical challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    16. Bretado-de los Rios, Mariana S. & Rivera-Solorio, Carlos I. & Nigam, K.D.P., 2021. "An overview of sustainability of heat exchangers and solar thermal applications with nanofluids: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    17. Pang, Wei & Cui, Yanan & Zhang, Qian & Wilson, Gregory.J. & Yan, Hui, 2020. "A comparative analysis on performances of flat plate photovoltaic/thermal collectors in view of operating media, structural designs, and climate conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    18. Ambreen, Tehmina & Kim, Man-Hoe, 2020. "Influence of particle size on the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids: A critical review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).

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