IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v137y2017icp595-606.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Combining energy efficiency at source and at consumer to reach 4th generation district heating: Economic and system dynamics analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Ziemele, Jelena
  • Gravelsins, Armands
  • Blumberga, Andra
  • Blumberga, Dagnija

Abstract

The article examines the transition from conventional district heating (DH) system to a 4th generation DH (4GDH) system using system dynamics modeling and economic feasibility analysis. Six alternative scenarios are studied. Energy saving measures reduce energy consumption, CO2 emissions and installed capacity of heating equipment thus facilitating the transition of the DH system towards zero emission system. Reduction of the required installed heating capacity allows implementing a low-temperature regime for heat distribution networks. For four of the analyzed scenarios this regime was achieved without increase of electricity consumption for heat supply. Results show that the implementation of 4GDH depends on the policies applied. The research identifies a balance point between the implementation of energy efficiency measures at the source and at heat consumers’ side. The article shows how the price of a fossil fuel influence the share of heat energy production and the balance point between investment at the source and heat consumers side.

Suggested Citation

  • Ziemele, Jelena & Gravelsins, Armands & Blumberga, Andra & Blumberga, Dagnija, 2017. "Combining energy efficiency at source and at consumer to reach 4th generation district heating: Economic and system dynamics analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 595-606.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:137:y:2017:i:c:p:595-606
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.123
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544217306898
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.123?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lund, Henrik & Hvelplund, Frede & Kass, Ilmars & Dukalskis, Edgars & Blumberga, Dagnija, 1999. "District heating and market economy in Latvia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 24(7), pages 549-559.
    2. Zvingilaite, Erika & Klinge Jacobsen, Henrik, 2015. "Heat savings and heat generation technologies: Modelling of residential investment behaviour with local health costs," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 31-45.
    3. Köfinger, M. & Basciotti, D. & Schmidt, R.R. & Meissner, E. & Doczekal, C. & Giovannini, A., 2016. "Low temperature district heating in Austria: Energetic, ecologic and economic comparison of four case studies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 95-104.
    4. Romagnoli, Francesco & Barisa, Aiga & Dzene, Ilze & Blumberga, Andra & Blumberga, Dagnija, 2014. "Implementation of different policy strategies promoting the use of wood fuel in the Latvian district heating system: Impact evaluation through a system dynamic model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 210-222.
    5. Swan, Lukas G. & Ugursal, V. Ismet, 2009. "Modeling of end-use energy consumption in the residential sector: A review of modeling techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(8), pages 1819-1835, October.
    6. Brand, Marek & Svendsen, Svend, 2013. "Renewable-based low-temperature district heating for existing buildings in various stages of refurbishment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 311-319.
    7. Allegrini, Jonas & Orehounig, Kristina & Mavromatidis, Georgios & Ruesch, Florian & Dorer, Viktor & Evins, Ralph, 2015. "A review of modelling approaches and tools for the simulation of district-scale energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1391-1404.
    8. Lundström, Lukas & Wallin, Fredrik, 2016. "Heat demand profiles of energy conservation measures in buildings and their impact on a district heating system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 290-299.
    9. Amstalden, Roger W. & Kost, Michael & Nathani, Carsten & Imboden, Dieter M., 2007. "Economic potential of energy-efficient retrofitting in the Swiss residential building sector: The effects of policy instruments and energy price expectations," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1819-1829, March.
    10. Hansen, Kenneth & Connolly, David & Lund, Henrik & Drysdale, David & Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck, 2016. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Identifying the balance between saving heat and supplying heat," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P3), pages 1663-1671.
    11. Ziemele, Jelena & Gravelsins, Armands & Blumberga, Andra & Vigants, Girts & Blumberga, Dagnija, 2016. "System dynamics model analysis of pathway to 4th generation district heating in Latvia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 85-94.
    12. Persson, Urban & Werner, Sven, 2011. "Heat distribution and the future competitiveness of district heating," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(3), pages 568-576, March.
    13. Lund, Henrik & Werner, Sven & Wiltshire, Robin & Svendsen, Svend & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2014. "4th Generation District Heating (4GDH)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 1-11.
    14. Backlund, Sandra & Thollander, Patrik, 2015. "Impact after three years of the Swedish energy audit program," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 54-60.
    15. Persson, U. & Möller, B. & Werner, S., 2014. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Identifying strategic heat synergy regions," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 663-681.
    16. Mathiesen, B.V. & Lund, H. & Connolly, D. & Wenzel, H. & Østergaard, P.A. & Möller, B. & Nielsen, S. & Ridjan, I. & Karnøe, P. & Sperling, K. & Hvelplund, F.K., 2015. "Smart Energy Systems for coherent 100% renewable energy and transport solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 139-154.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Harney, Patrick & Gartland, Donna & Murphy, Fionnuala, 2020. "Determining the optimum low-temperature district heating network design for a secondary network supplying a low-energy-use apartment block in Ireland," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    2. Perpar, Matjaž & Rek, Zlatko, 2020. "Soil temperature gradient as a useful tool for small water leakage detection from district heating pipes in buried channels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    3. Young-Jik Youn & Yong-Hoon Im, 2022. "Technical Feasibility Assessment for a Novel Fifth-Generation District Heating Model of Interconnected Operation with a Large-Scale Building," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-30, October.
    4. Ling Cheng & Zesheng Yu & Shiyao Xia & Shixuan Li & Ye Li & Huan Zhang & Bin Li & Sirui Zhang & Zijian Liu & Wandong Zheng, 2022. "Evaluation and Optimization of heat Pump Combined District Heating System: A Case Study of China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-24, October.
    5. Anna Grzegórska & Piotr Rybarczyk & Valdas Lukoševičius & Joanna Sobczak & Andrzej Rogala, 2021. "Smart Asset Management for District Heating Systems in the Baltic Sea Region," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-25, January.
    6. Xu, Ziqiang & Li, Cheng & Mu, Lianbo & Wang, Suilin & Lu, Junhui & Lan, Yuncheng, 2024. "Leakage detection method of underground heating pipeline based on improved wavelet threshold function," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    7. Sorknæs, Peter & Nielsen, Steffen & Lund, Henrik & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Moreno, Diana & Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck, 2022. "The benefits of 4th generation district heating and energy efficient datacentres," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    8. Marco Pellegrini & Augusto Bianchini, 2018. "The Innovative Concept of Cold District Heating Networks: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, January.
    9. Averfalk, Helge & Werner, Sven, 2018. "Novel low temperature heat distribution technology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 526-539.
    10. Baur, Lucia & Uriona M., Mauricio, 2018. "Diffusion of photovoltaic technology in Germany: A sustainable success or an illusion driven by guaranteed feed-in tariffs?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 289-298.
    11. Handing Guo & Wanzhen Qiao & Jiren Liu, 2019. "Dynamic Feedback Analysis of Influencing Factors of Existing Building Energy-Saving Renovation Market Based on System Dynamics in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, January.
    12. Ziemele, Jelena & Talcis, Normunds & Osis, Ugis & Dace, Elina, 2021. "A methodology for selecting a sustainable development strategy for connecting low heat density consumers to a district heating system by cascading of heat carriers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    13. Pakere, Ieva & Gravelsins, Armands & Lauka, Dace & Bazbauers, Gatis & Blumberga, Dagnija, 2021. "Linking energy efficiency policies toward 4th generation district heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    14. Ziemele, Jelena & Gendelis, Stanislavs & Dace, Elina, 2023. "Impact of global warming and building renovation on the heat demand and district heating capacity: Case of the city of Riga," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    15. Søren Djørup & Karl Sperling & Steffen Nielsen & Poul Alborg Østergaard & Jakob Zinck Thellufsen & Peter Sorknæs & Henrik Lund & David Drysdale, 2020. "District Heating Tariffs, Economic Optimisation and Local Strategies during Radical Technological Change," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-15, March.
    16. Kristina Lygnerud, 2019. "Business Model Changes in District Heating: The Impact of the Technology Shift from the Third to the Fourth Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-16, May.
    17. Lund, Henrik & Duic, Neven & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2018. "Future district heating systems and technologies: On the role of smart energy systems and 4th generation district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 614-619.
    18. Ziemele, Jelena & Cilinskis, Einars & Blumberga, Dagnija, 2018. "Pathway and restriction in district heating systems development towards 4th generation district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 108-118.
    19. Víctor M. Soltero & Ricardo Chacartegui & Carlos Ortiz & Gonzalo Quirosa, 2018. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Rural 4th Generation Biomass District Heating," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, November.
    20. Martinopoulos, Georgios & Papakostas, Konstantinos T. & Papadopoulos, Agis M., 2018. "A comparative review of heating systems in EU countries, based on efficiency and fuel cost," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 687-699.
    21. Ziemele, Jelena & Dace, Elina, 2022. "An analytical framework for assessing the integration of the waste heat into a district heating system: Case of the city of Riga," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ommen, Torben & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Markussen, Wiebke Brix & Elmegaard, Brian, 2017. "Performance of ultra low temperature district heating systems with utility plant and booster heat pumps," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 544-555.
    2. Persson, Urban & Wiechers, Eva & Möller, Bernd & Werner, Sven, 2019. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Heat distribution costs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 604-622.
    3. Marco Pellegrini & Augusto Bianchini, 2018. "The Innovative Concept of Cold District Heating Networks: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, January.
    4. Mengting Jiang & Camilo Rindt & David M. J. Smeulders, 2022. "Optimal Planning of Future District Heating Systems—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-38, September.
    5. Lake, Andrew & Rezaie, Behanz & Beyerlein, Steven, 2017. "Review of district heating and cooling systems for a sustainable future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 417-425.
    6. Nis Bertelsen & Brian Vad Mathiesen, 2020. "EU-28 Residential Heat Supply and Consumption: Historical Development and Status," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-21, April.
    7. Averfalk, Helge & Werner, Sven, 2018. "Novel low temperature heat distribution technology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 526-539.
    8. Möller, Bernd & Wiechers, Eva & Persson, Urban & Grundahl, Lars & Connolly, David, 2018. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Identifying local heat demand and supply areas with a European thermal atlas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 281-292.
    9. Sayegh, M.A. & Danielewicz, J. & Nannou, T. & Miniewicz, M. & Jadwiszczak, P. & Piekarska, K. & Jouhara, H., 2017. "Trends of European research and development in district heating technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P2), pages 1183-1192.
    10. Möller, Bernd & Wiechers, Eva & Persson, Urban & Grundahl, Lars & Lund, Rasmus Søgaard & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2019. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Towards EU-Wide, local heat supply strategies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 554-564.
    11. Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Andersen, Anders N., 2016. "Booster heat pumps and central heat pumps in district heating," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 1374-1388.
    12. Pakere, Ieva & Gravelsins, Armands & Lauka, Dace & Bazbauers, Gatis & Blumberga, Dagnija, 2021. "Linking energy efficiency policies toward 4th generation district heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    13. Borna Doračić & Tomislav Novosel & Tomislav Pukšec & Neven Duić, 2018. "Evaluation of Excess Heat Utilization in District Heating Systems by Implementing Levelized Cost of Excess Heat," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-14, March.
    14. Dahl, Magnus & Brun, Adam & Andresen, Gorm B., 2017. "Using ensemble weather predictions in district heating operation and load forecasting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 455-465.
    15. Asaee, S. Rasoul & Sharafian, Amir & Herrera, Omar E. & Blomerus, Paul & Mérida, Walter, 2018. "Housing stock in cold-climate countries: Conversion challenges for net zero emission buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 88-100.
    16. Rae, Callum & Kerr, Sandy & Maroto-Valer, M. Mercedes, 2020. "Upscaling smart local energy systems: A review of technical barriers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    17. Lund, Henrik & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Chang, Miguel & Werner, Sven & Svendsen, Svend & Sorknæs, Peter & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mortensen, Bent Ole Gram & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Boje, 2018. "The status of 4th generation district heating: Research and results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 147-159.
    18. Wang, Hai & Meng, Hua, 2018. "Improved thermal transient modeling with new 3-order numerical solution for a district heating network with consideration of the pipe wall's thermal inertia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 171-183.
    19. Ashfaq, Asad & Ianakiev, Anton, 2018. "Cost-minimised design of a highly renewable heating network for fossil-free future," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 613-626.
    20. Steffen Nielsen & Lars Grundahl, 2018. "District Heating Expansion Potential with Low-Temperature and End-Use Heat Savings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-17, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:137:y:2017:i:c:p:595-606. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.