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The benefits of 4th generation district heating and energy efficient datacentres

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  • Sorknæs, Peter
  • Nielsen, Steffen
  • Lund, Henrik
  • Mathiesen, Brian Vad
  • Moreno, Diana
  • Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck

Abstract

This paper identifies the energy system benefits of transitioning district heating infrastructure from current 3rd generation district heating (3GDH) to 4th generation district heating (4GDH) with lower grid temperatures and more integration with other energy sectors. Previous papers have investigated the effect of going from 3GDH to 4GDH on a local perspective. In this paper it is investigated how this transition affects the energy system on a national level, where both the costs and energy effects are evaluated based on national hourly energy systems simulations including all energy sectors in a climate neutral energy system scenario. Moreover, the paper identifies the effects of different cooling solutions in datacentres. The analyses include effects on heat sources as well as the effect on the cost and losses in the district heating grid. This is done for the case of Denmark. In the case of Denmark, it is found that transitioning from 3GDH to 4GDH decreases the system cost by 220 M EUR/year, corresponding to 7 M EUR/TWh delivered heat at the end-user. Increasing the temperature outlet of datacentre waste heat has a value for the system as high as 52–59 M EUR/year, corresponding to 1.7–1.9 M EUR/TWh delivered heating at the end-user.

Suggested Citation

  • Sorknæs, Peter & Nielsen, Steffen & Lund, Henrik & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Moreno, Diana & Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck, 2022. "The benefits of 4th generation district heating and energy efficient datacentres," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:260:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222021053
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.125215
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paolo Sdringola & Mattia Ricci & Maria Alessandra Ancona & Federico Gianaroli & Cristina Capodaglio & Francesco Melino, 2023. "Modelling a Prototype of Bidirectional Substation for District Heating with Thermal Prosumers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Chang, Miguel & Lund, Henrik & Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck & Østergaard, Poul Alberg, 2023. "Perspectives on purpose-driven coupling of energy system models," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    3. Sun, Fangtian & Zhao, Xiaoqing & Hao, Baoru, 2023. "Novel solar-driven low temperature district heating and cooling system based on distributed half-effect absorption heat pumps with lithium bromide," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    4. Ieva Pakere & Dagnija Blumberga & Anna Volkova & Kertu Lepiksaar & Agate Zirne, 2023. "Valorisation of Waste Heat in Existing and Future District Heating Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-22, September.
    5. Ziemele, Jelena & Gendelis, Stanislavs & Dace, Elina, 2023. "Impact of global warming and building renovation on the heat demand and district heating capacity: Case of the city of Riga," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).

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