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Ethanol as a lead replacement: phasing out leaded gasoline in Africa

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  • Thomas, Valerie
  • Kwong, Andrew

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  • Thomas, Valerie & Kwong, Andrew, 2001. "Ethanol as a lead replacement: phasing out leaded gasoline in Africa," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 29(13), pages 1133-1143, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:29:y:2001:i:13:p:1133-1143
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Moreira, Jose R. & Goldemberg, Jose, 1999. "The alcohol program," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 27(4), pages 229-245, April.
    2. de Araujo, Joao Lizardo & Ghirardi, Andre, 1987. "Substitution of petroleum products in Brazil Urgent issues," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 22-39, February.
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    1. Amigun, Bamikole & Gorgens, Johann & Knoetze, Hansie, 2010. "Biomethanol production from gasification of non-woody plant in South Africa: Optimum scale and economic performance," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 312-322, January.
    2. Burnes, Ellen & Wichelns, Dennis & Hagen, John W., 2005. "Economic and policy implications of public support for ethanol production in California's San Joaquin Valley," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(9), pages 1155-1167, June.
    3. Alonso-Pippo, Walfrido & Luengo, Carlos A. & Koehlinger, John & Garzone, Pietro & Cornacchia, Giacinto, 2008. "Sugarcane energy use: The Cuban case," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(6), pages 2163-2181, June.
    4. Franziska Schuenemann & James Thurlow & Manfred Zeller, 2017. "Leveling the field for biofuels: comparing the economic and environmental impacts of biofuel and other export crops in Malawi," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 48(3), pages 301-315, May.
    5. Niven, Robert K., 2005. "Ethanol in gasoline: environmental impacts and sustainability review article," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 9(6), pages 535-555, December.
    6. Awad, Omar I. & Mamat, R. & Ibrahim, Thamir K. & Hammid, Ali Thaeer & Yusri, I.M. & Hamidi, Mohd Adnin & Humada, Ali M. & Yusop, A.F., 2018. "Overview of the oxygenated fuels in spark ignition engine: Environmental and performance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 394-408.
    7. Amigun, Bamikole & Musango, Josephine Kaviti & Stafford, William, 2011. "Biofuels and sustainability in Africa," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 1360-1372, February.
    8. Singh, S.P. & Asthana, R.K. & Singh, A.P., 2007. "Prospects of sugarcane milling waste utilization for hydrogen production in India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 4164-4168, August.
    9. Vallinayagam, R. & Vedharaj, S. & Roberts, William L. & Dibble, Robert W. & Sarathy, S. Mani, 2017. "Performance and emissions of gasoline blended with terpineol as an octane booster," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 1087-1093.
    10. Amigun, B. & Sigamoney, R. & von Blottnitz, H., 2008. "Commercialisation of biofuel industry in Africa: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(3), pages 690-711, April.
    11. Jha, Priyanka & Schmidt, Stefan, 2021. "State of biofuel development in sub-Saharan Africa: How far sustainable?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    12. Awad, Omar I. & Mamat, R. & Ali, Obed M. & Sidik, N.A.C. & Yusaf, T. & Kadirgama, K. & Kettner, Maurice, 2018. "Alcohol and ether as alternative fuels in spark ignition engine: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2586-2605.
    13. Nguyen, Thu Lan T. & Gheewala, Shabbir H. & Garivait, Savitri, 2008. "Full chain energy analysis of fuel ethanol from cane molasses in Thailand," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(8), pages 722-734, August.
    14. Renzaho, Andre M.N. & Kamara, Joseph K. & Toole, Michael, 2017. "Biofuel production and its impact on food security in low and middle income countries: Implications for the post-2015 sustainable development goals," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 503-516.
    15. Shazia Nawaz & Muhammad Irshad & Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq & Muhammad Mohiuddin & Muhammad Ashraf & Sumera Bibi & Nadeem Shaukat & Ashfaq Ahmad Shah & Anne Wai Man Ng, 2022. "Lead Extraction Methods in Roadside Soils and Its Relationship with Soil Properties," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-14, October.

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