Reconstructing freeway travel times with a simplified network flow model alternating the adopted fundamental diagram

The present study summarises the travel time reconstruction performance of a network flow model by explicitly analysing the adopted fundamental diagram relation under congested and un-congested traffic patterns. The incorporated network flow model uses a discrete meso-simulation approach in which the anisotropic property of traffic flow and the uniform acceleration of vehicle packets are explicitly considered. The flow performances on link-route dynamics have been derived by reasonably alternating the adopted two-phase, i.e., congested and un-congested, fundamental relation of traffic flow. The linear speed–density relation with the creeping speed assumption is substituted with the triangular flow–density relation in order to investigate the performance of the network flow model in varying flow patterns. Applying the anisotropic mesoscopic model, the measure of travel time is obtained as a link performance from a simplified dynamic network loading process. Travel time reconstruction performance of the network flow model is sought considering the actual measures that are obtained by a probe vehicle, in addition to reconstructions by a macroscopic network flow model. The main improvements on travel time reconstruction process are encountered in terms of the computation load within the explicit analyses by the alternation of adopted two-phase fundamental diagram. Although the accuracies of the flow model with the adoption of two different fundamental diagrams are hard to differentiate, the computational burden of the simulation process by the triangular fundamental diagram is found to be considerably different.