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Forecasting financial failure using a Kohonen map: A comparative study to improve model stability over time

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  • du Jardin, Philippe
  • Séverin, Eric

Abstract

This study attempts to show how a Kohonen map can be used to improve the temporal stability of the accuracy of a financial failure model. Most models lose a significant part of their ability to generalize when data used for estimation and prediction purposes are collected over different time periods. As their lifespan is fairly short, it becomes a real problem if a model is still in use when re-estimation appears to be necessary. To overcome this drawback, we introduce a new way of using a Kohonen map as a prediction model. The results of our experiments show that the generalization error achieved with a map remains more stable over time than that achieved with conventional methods used to design failure models (discriminant analysis, logistic regression, Cox’s method, and neural networks). They also show that type-I error, the economically costliest error, is the greatest beneficiary of this gain in stability.

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  • du Jardin, Philippe & Séverin, Eric, 2012. "Forecasting financial failure using a Kohonen map: A comparative study to improve model stability over time," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 221(2), pages 378-396.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:221:y:2012:i:2:p:378-396
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2012.04.006
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    2. Kamesh Korangi & Christophe Mues & Cristi'an Bravo, 2021. "A transformer-based model for default prediction in mid-cap corporate markets," Papers 2111.09902, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2023.
    3. Tomasz Korol, 2018. "The Implementation of Fuzzy Logic in Forecasting Financial Ratios," Contemporary Economics, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw., vol. 12(2), June.
    4. David Veganzones, 2022. "Corporate failure prediction using threshold‐based models," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(5), pages 956-979, August.
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    7. Sevim, Cuneyt & Oztekin, Asil & Bali, Ozkan & Gumus, Serkan & Guresen, Erkam, 2014. "Developing an early warning system to predict currency crises," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 237(3), pages 1095-1104.
    8. Eva Kalinová, 2021. "Artificial Intelligence for Cluster Analysis: Case Study of Transport Companies in Czech Republic," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-36, September.
    9. Nyitrai, Tamás, 2014. "Növelhető-e a csőd-előrejelző modellek előre jelző képessége az új klasszifikációs módszerek nélkül? [Can the predictive capacity of bankruptcy forecasting models be increased without new classific," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(5), pages 566-585.
    10. du Jardin, Philippe, 2015. "Bankruptcy prediction using terminal failure processes," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 242(1), pages 286-303.
    11. Tomasz Korol, 2020. "Assessment of Trajectories of Non-bankrupt and Bankrupt Enterprises," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 1113-1135.
    12. Yehui Tong & Ramon Saladrigues, 2022. "An analysis of factors affecting the profits of new firms in Spain: Evidence from the food industry," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 68(1), pages 28-38.
    13. du Jardin, Philippe, 2021. "Forecasting corporate failure using ensemble of self-organizing neural networks," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 288(3), pages 869-885.
    14. Geng, Ruibin & Bose, Indranil & Chen, Xi, 2015. "Prediction of financial distress: An empirical study of listed Chinese companies using data mining," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 241(1), pages 236-247.
    15. Sami Ben Jabeur & Nicolae Stef & Pedro Carmona, 2023. "Bankruptcy Prediction using the XGBoost Algorithm and Variable Importance Feature Engineering," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 61(2), pages 715-741, February.
    16. Eric Séverin & David Veganzones, 2021. "Can earnings management information improve bankruptcy prediction models?," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 306(1), pages 247-272, November.
    17. Ben Jabeur, Sami & Serret, Vanessa, 2023. "Bankruptcy prediction using fuzzy convolutional neural networks," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    18. R. J. Kuo & Y. S. Tseng & Zhen-Yao Chen, 2016. "Integration of fuzzy neural network and artificial immune system-based back-propagation neural network for sales forecasting using qualitative and quantitative data," Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Springer, vol. 27(6), pages 1191-1207, December.
    19. Zeineb Affes & Rania Hentati-Kaffel, 2019. "Predicting US Banks Bankruptcy: Logit Versus Canonical Discriminant Analysis," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 54(1), pages 199-244, June.
    20. Sami Ben Jabeur & Youssef Fahmi, 2018. "Forecasting financial distress for French firms: a comparative study," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 54(3), pages 1173-1186, May.
    21. Pedro Duarte Silva, A., 2017. "Optimization approaches to Supervised Classification," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 261(2), pages 772-788.
    22. Jabeur, Sami Ben & Gharib, Cheima & Mefteh-Wali, Salma & Arfi, Wissal Ben, 2021. "CatBoost model and artificial intelligence techniques for corporate failure prediction," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    23. Korangi, Kamesh & Mues, Christophe & Bravo, Cristián, 2023. "A transformer-based model for default prediction in mid-cap corporate markets," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 308(1), pages 306-320.
    24. Man Ha & Christopher Gan & Cuong Nguyen & Patricia Anthony, 2021. "Self-Organising (Kohonen) Maps for the Vietnam Banking Industry," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-18, October.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Decision support systems; Finance; Bankruptcy prediction; Self-organizing map;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C44 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Operations Research; Statistical Decision Theory
    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation

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