IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ejores/v210y2011i2p368-378.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Multiple classifier architectures and their application to credit risk assessment

Author

Listed:
  • Finlay, Steven

Abstract

Multiple classifier systems combine several individual classifiers to deliver a final classification decision. In this paper the performance of several multiple classifier systems are evaluated in terms of their ability to correctly classify consumers as good or bad credit risks. Empirical results suggest that some multiple classifier systems deliver significantly better performance than the single best classifier, but many do not. Overall, bagging and boosting outperform other multi-classifier systems, and a new boosting algorithm, Error Trimmed Boosting, outperforms bagging and AdaBoost by a significant margin.

Suggested Citation

  • Finlay, Steven, 2011. "Multiple classifier architectures and their application to credit risk assessment," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 210(2), pages 368-378, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:210:y:2011:i:2:p:368-378
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377-2217(10)00627-2
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. J Banasik & J Crook & L Thomas, 2001. "Scoring by usage," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 52(9), pages 997-1006, September.
    2. Long, Michael S., 1976. "Credit Screening System Selection," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 11(2), pages 313-328, June.
    3. B Baesens & T Van Gestel & S Viaene & M Stepanova & J Suykens & J Vanthienen, 2003. "Benchmarking state-of-the-art classification algorithms for credit scoring," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 54(6), pages 627-635, June.
    4. Desai, Vijay S. & Crook, Jonathan N. & Overstreet, George A., 1996. "A comparison of neural networks and linear scoring models in the credit union environment," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 95(1), pages 24-37, November.
    5. Martens, David & Baesens, Bart & Van Gestel, Tony & Vanthienen, Jan, 2007. "Comprehensible credit scoring models using rule extraction from support vector machines," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 183(3), pages 1466-1476, December.
    6. D. J. Hand & W. E. Henley, 1997. "Statistical Classification Methods in Consumer Credit Scoring: a Review," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 160(3), pages 523-541, September.
    7. Eric Rosenberg & Alan Gleit, 1994. "Quantitative Methods in Credit Management: A Survey," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 42(4), pages 589-613, August.
    8. Steven Finlay, 2010. "The Management of Consumer Credit," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, edition 0, number 978-0-230-27522-5.
    9. H Zhu & P A Beling & G A Overstreet, 2001. "A study in the combination of two consumer credit scores," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 52(9), pages 974-980, September.
    10. Joe Whittaker & Chris Whitehead & Mark Somers, 2005. "The neglog transformation and quantile regression for the analysis of a large credit scoring database," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 54(5), pages 863-878, November.
    11. Thomas, L.C. & Ho, J. & Scherer, W.T., 2001. "Time will tell: Behavioural Scoring and the Dynamics of Consumer Credit Assessment," Papers 01-174, University of Southampton - Department of Accounting and Management Science.
    12. Bart Baesens & Rudy Setiono & Christophe Mues & Jan Vanthienen, 2003. "Using Neural Network Rule Extraction and Decision Tables for Credit-Risk Evaluation," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 49(3), pages 312-329, March.
    13. D J Hand, 2005. "Good practice in retail credit scorecard assessment," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 56(9), pages 1109-1117, September.
    14. M Stepanova & L C Thomas, 2001. "PHAB scores: proportional hazards analysis behavioural scores," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 52(9), pages 1007-1016, September.
    15. Paleologo, Giuseppe & Elisseeff, André & Antonini, Gianluca, 2010. "Subagging for credit scoring models," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 201(2), pages 490-499, March.
    16. David Durand, 1941. "Risk Elements in Consumer Instalment Financing," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number dura41-1, March.
    17. Thomas, Lyn C., 2009. "Consumer Credit Models: Pricing, Profit and Portfolios," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199232130, Decembrie.
    18. Crook, Jonathan N. & Edelman, David B. & Thomas, Lyn C., 2007. "Recent developments in consumer credit risk assessment," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 183(3), pages 1447-1465, December.
    19. H Zhu & P A Beling & G A Overstreet, 2002. "A Bayesian framework for the combination of classifier outputs," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 53(7), pages 719-727, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hussein A. Abdou & John Pointon, 2011. "Credit Scoring, Statistical Techniques And Evaluation Criteria: A Review Of The Literature," Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 18(2-3), pages 59-88, April.
    2. Finlay, Steven, 2010. "Credit scoring for profitability objectives," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 202(2), pages 528-537, April.
    3. Elena Ivona DUMITRESCU & Sullivan HUE & Christophe HURLIN & Sessi TOKPAVI, 2020. "Machine Learning or Econometrics for Credit Scoring: Let’s Get the Best of Both Worlds," LEO Working Papers / DR LEO 2839, Orleans Economics Laboratory / Laboratoire d'Economie d'Orleans (LEO), University of Orleans.
    4. G Verstraeten & D Van den Poel, 2005. "The impact of sample bias on consumer credit scoring performance and profitability," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 56(8), pages 981-992, August.
    5. K Rajaratnam & P Beling & G Overstreet, 2010. "Scoring decisions in the context of economic uncertainty," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 61(3), pages 421-429, March.
    6. Huei-Wen Teng & Michael Lee, 2019. "Estimation Procedures of Using Five Alternative Machine Learning Methods for Predicting Credit Card Default," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(03), pages 1-27, September.
    7. L C Thomas, 2010. "Consumer finance: challenges for operational research," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 61(1), pages 41-52, January.
    8. Crone, Sven F. & Finlay, Steven, 2012. "Instance sampling in credit scoring: An empirical study of sample size and balancing," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 224-238.
    9. Dumitrescu, Elena & Hué, Sullivan & Hurlin, Christophe & Tokpavi, Sessi, 2022. "Machine learning for credit scoring: Improving logistic regression with non-linear decision-tree effects," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 297(3), pages 1178-1192.
    10. Lessmann, Stefan & Baesens, Bart & Seow, Hsin-Vonn & Thomas, Lyn C., 2015. "Benchmarking state-of-the-art classification algorithms for credit scoring: An update of research," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 247(1), pages 124-136.
    11. Rais Ahmad Itoo & A. Selvarasu & José António Filipe, 2015. "Loan Products and Credit Scoring by Commercial Banks (India)," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, vol. 5(1), pages 851-851.
    12. Crook, Jonathan N. & Edelman, David B. & Thomas, Lyn C., 2007. "Recent developments in consumer credit risk assessment," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 183(3), pages 1447-1465, December.
    13. B Baesens & C Mues & D Martens & J Vanthienen, 2009. "50 years of data mining and OR: upcoming trends and challenges," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 60(1), pages 16-23, May.
    14. Dimitris Andriosopoulos & Michalis Doumpos & Panos M. Pardalos & Constantin Zopounidis, 2019. "Computational approaches and data analytics in financial services: A literature review," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 70(10), pages 1581-1599, October.
    15. Fang, Fang & Chen, Yuanyuan, 2019. "A new approach for credit scoring by directly maximizing the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 180-194.
    16. Kanshukan Rajaratnam & Peter Beling & George Overstreet, 2017. "Regulatory capital decisions in the Context of consumer loan portfolios," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 68(7), pages 847-858, July.
    17. Robert Till & David Hand, 2003. "Behavioural models of credit card usage," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(10), pages 1201-1220.
    18. José Willer Prado & Valderí Castro Alcântara & Francisval Melo Carvalho & Kelly Carvalho Vieira & Luiz Kennedy Cruz Machado & Dany Flávio Tonelli, 2016. "Multivariate analysis of credit risk and bankruptcy research data: a bibliometric study involving different knowledge fields (1968–2014)," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 106(3), pages 1007-1029, March.
    19. Lessmann, Stefan & Voß, Stefan, 2009. "A reference model for customer-centric data mining with support vector machines," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 199(2), pages 520-530, December.
    20. Chen, Shunqin & Guo, Zhengfeng & Zhao, Xinlei, 2021. "Predicting mortgage early delinquency with machine learning methods," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 290(1), pages 358-372.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:210:y:2011:i:2:p:368-378. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/eor .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.