IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/eejocm/v31y2019icp198-209.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Airline itinerary choice modeling using machine learning

Author

Listed:
  • Lhéritier, Alix
  • Bocamazo, Michael
  • Delahaye, Thierry
  • Acuna-Agost, Rodrigo

Abstract

Understanding how customers choose between different itineraries when searching for flights is very important for the travel industry. This knowledge can help travel providers, either airlines or travel agents, to better adapt their offer to market conditions and customer needs. This has a particular importance for pricing and ranking suggestions to travelers when searching for flights. This problem has been historically handled using Multinomial Logit (MNL) models. While MNL models offer the dual advantage of simplicity and readability, they lack flexibility to handle collinear attributes and correlations between alternatives. Additionally, they require expert knowledge to introduce non-linearity in the effect of alternatives’ attributes and to model individual heterogeneity. In this work, we present an alternative modeling approach based on non-parametric machine learning (ML) that is able to automatically segment the travelers and to take into account non-linear relationships within attributes of alternatives and characteristics of the decision maker. We test the models on a dataset consisting of flight searches and bookings on European markets. The experiments show our approach outperforming the standard and the latent class Multinomial Logit model in terms of accuracy and computation time, with less modeling effort.

Suggested Citation

  • Lhéritier, Alix & Bocamazo, Michael & Delahaye, Thierry & Acuna-Agost, Rodrigo, 2019. "Airline itinerary choice modeling using machine learning," Journal of choice modelling, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 198-209.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:eejocm:v:31:y:2019:i:c:p:198-209
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2018.02.002
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755534517300969
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jocm.2018.02.002?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Coldren, Gregory M. & Koppelman, Frank S., 2005. "Modeling the competition among air-travel itinerary shares: GEV model development," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 345-365, May.
    2. Lurkin, Virginie & Garrow, Laurie A. & Higgins, Matthew J. & Newman, Jeffrey P. & Schyns, Michael, 2017. "Accounting for price endogeneity in airline itinerary choice models: An application to Continental U.S. markets," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 228-246.
    3. Thierry Delahaye & Rodrigo Acuna-Agost & Nicolas Bondoux & Anh-Quan Nguyen & Mourad Boudia, 2017. "Data-driven models for itinerary preferences of air travelers and application for dynamic pricing optimization," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 16(6), pages 621-639, December.
    4. Greene, William H. & Hensher, David A., 2003. "A latent class model for discrete choice analysis: contrasts with mixed logit," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 681-698, September.
    5. Coldren, Gregory M. & Koppelman, Frank S. & Kasturirangan, Krishnan & Mukherjee, Amit, 2003. "Modeling aggregate air-travel itinerary shares: logit model development at a major US airline," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 9(6), pages 361-369.
    6. Virginie Lurkin, 2017. "Modeling in air transportation: cargo loading and itinerary choice," 4OR, Springer, vol. 15(1), pages 107-108, March.
    7. Proussaloglou, Kimon & Koppelman, Frank S., 1999. "The choice of air carrier, flight, and fare class," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 5(4), pages 193-201.
    8. Bhadra, Dipasis & Hogan, Brendan, 2005. "US Airline Network: A Framework of Analysis and Some Preliminary Results," 46th Annual Transportation Research Forum, Washington, D.C., March 6-8, 2005 208186, Transportation Research Forum.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Lu, Jing & Meng, Yucan & Timmermans, Harry & Zhang, Anming, 2021. "Modeling hesitancy in airport choice: A comparison of discrete choice and machine learning methods," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 230-250.
    2. Rodrigo Acuna-Agost & Eoin Thomas & Alix Lhéritier, 2021. "Price elasticity estimation for deep learning-based choice models: an application to air itinerary choices," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 20(3), pages 213-226, June.
    3. Ortelli, Nicola & Hillel, Tim & Pereira, Francisco C. & de Lapparent, Matthieu & Bierlaire, Michel, 2021. "Assisted specification of discrete choice models," Journal of choice modelling, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    4. Smeele, Nicholas V.R. & Chorus, Caspar G. & Schermer, Maartje H.N. & de Bekker-Grob, Esther W., 2023. "Towards machine learning for moral choice analysis in health economics: A literature review and research agenda," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    5. Mourad Boudia & Suraj Mohamed & Nicolas Bondoux & Thierry Delahaye, 2021. "Traveler centric airline offer design and optimization," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 20(6), pages 634-645, December.
    6. Ali, Azam & Kalatian, Arash & Choudhury, Charisma F., 2023. "Comparing and contrasting choice model and machine learning techniques in the context of vehicle ownership decisions," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    7. Xu, Yiming & Yan, Xiang & Liu, Xinyu & Zhao, Xilei, 2021. "Identifying key factors associated with ridesplitting adoption rate and modeling their nonlinear relationships," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 170-188.
    8. Han, Yafei & Pereira, Francisco Camara & Ben-Akiva, Moshe & Zegras, Christopher, 2022. "A neural-embedded discrete choice model: Learning taste representation with strengthened interpretability," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 166-186.
    9. Lixun Liu & Yujiang Wang & Robin Hickman, 2023. "How Rail Transit Makes a Difference in People’s Multimodal Travel Behaviours: An Analysis with the XGBoost Method," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-23, March.
    10. Artemisa Zaragoza-Ibarra & Gerardo G. Alfaro-Calderón & Víctor G. Alfaro-García & Fernando Ornelas-Tellez & Rodrigo Gómez-Monge, 2021. "A machine learning model of national competitiveness with regional statistics of public expenditure," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 27(4), pages 451-468, December.
    11. Morlotti, Chiara & Birolini, Sebastian & Malighetti, Paolo & Redondi, Renato, 2023. "A latent class approach to estimate air travelers’ propensity toward connecting itineraries," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    12. Abdelghany, Ahmed & Guzhva, Vitaly S., 2022. "Exploratory analysis of air travel demand stimulation in first-time served markets," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    13. S. Van Cranenburgh & S. Wang & A. Vij & F. Pereira & J. Walker, 2021. "Choice modelling in the age of machine learning -- discussion paper," Papers 2101.11948, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2021.
    14. Youssef M. Aboutaleb & Mazen Danaf & Yifei Xie & Moshe Ben-Akiva, 2021. "Discrete Choice Analysis with Machine Learning Capabilities," Papers 2101.10261, arXiv.org.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Morlotti, Chiara & Birolini, Sebastian & Malighetti, Paolo & Redondi, Renato, 2023. "A latent class approach to estimate air travelers’ propensity toward connecting itineraries," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    2. Redondi, Renato & Birolini, Sebastian & Morlotti, Chiara & Paleari, Stefano, 2021. "Connectivity measures and passengers’ behavior: Comparing conventional connectivity models to predict itinerary market shares," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    3. Ahmed Abdelghany & Khaled Abdelghany & Ching-Wen Huang, 2021. "An integrated reinforced learning and network competition analysis for calibrating airline itinerary choice models with constrained demand," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 20(3), pages 227-247, June.
    4. Lurkin, Virginie & Garrow, Laurie A. & Higgins, Matthew J. & Newman, Jeffrey P. & Schyns, Michael, 2017. "Accounting for price endogeneity in airline itinerary choice models: An application to Continental U.S. markets," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 228-246.
    5. Cho, Woohyun & Windle, Robert J. & Dresner, Martin E., 2017. "The impact of operational exposure and value-of-time on customer choice: Evidence from the airline industry," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 455-471.
    6. Lurkin, Virginie & Garrow, Laurie A. & Higgins, Matthew J. & Newman, Jeffrey P. & Schyns, Michael, 2018. "Modeling competition among airline itineraries," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 157-172.
    7. Gunay, Gurkan & Gokasar, Ilgin, 2021. "Market segmentation analysis for airport access mode choice modeling with mixed logit," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    8. Birolini, Sebastian & Cattaneo, Mattia & Malighetti, Paolo & Morlotti, Chiara, 2020. "Integrated origin-based demand modeling for air transportation," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    9. Thierry Delahaye & Rodrigo Acuna-Agost & Nicolas Bondoux & Anh-Quan Nguyen & Mourad Boudia, 2017. "Data-driven models for itinerary preferences of air travelers and application for dynamic pricing optimization," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 16(6), pages 621-639, December.
    10. Lesgourgues, Augustin & Malavolti, Estelle, 2023. "Social cost of airline delays: Assessment by the use of revenue management data," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    11. Tao Li, 2017. "A Demand Estimator Based on a Nested Logit Model," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(3), pages 918-930, August.
    12. Koppelman, Frank S. & Coldren, Gregory M. & Parker, Roger A., 2008. "Schedule delay impacts on air-travel itinerary demand," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 42(3), pages 263-273, March.
    13. João P. Pita & Cynthia Barnhart & António P. Antunes, 2013. "Integrated Flight Scheduling and Fleet Assignment Under Airport Congestion," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 47(4), pages 477-492, November.
    14. Koo, Tay T.R. & Hossein Rashidi, Taha & Park, Jin-Woo & Wu, Cheng-Lung & Tseng, Wen-Chun, 2017. "The effect of enhanced international air access on the demand for peripheral tourism destinations: Evidence from air itinerary choice behaviour of Korean visitors to Australia," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 116-129.
    15. Gustavo Vulcano & Garrett van Ryzin & Wassim Chaar, 2010. "OM Practice--Choice-Based Revenue Management: An Empirical Study of Estimation and Optimization," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 12(3), pages 371-392, February.
    16. Cho, Woohyun & Windle, Robert J. & Dresner, Martin E., 2015. "The impact of low-cost carriers on airport choice in the US: A case study of the Washington–Baltimore region," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 141-157.
    17. Keji Wei & Vikrant Vaze, 2020. "Airline Timetable Development and Fleet Assignment Incorporating Passenger Choice," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 54(1), pages 139-163, January.
    18. Nenem, Sukru & Graham, Anne & Dennis, Nigel, 2020. "Airline schedule and network competitiveness: A consumer-centric approach for business travel," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    19. Singh, Jyotsna & Homem de Almeida Correia, Gonçalo & van Wee, Bert & Barbour, Natalia, 2023. "Change in departure time for a train trip to avoid crowding during the COVID-19 pandemic: A latent class study in the Netherlands," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    20. Judit Guimera Busquets & Eduardo Alonso & Antony D. Evans, 2018. "Air itinerary shares estimation using multinomial logit models," Transportation Planning and Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(1), pages 3-16, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:eejocm:v:31:y:2019:i:c:p:198-209. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-choice-modelling .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.