Insights into the role of gasification media in gasification process: Principles, advantages, bottlenecks and prospects

Gasification technology is a sustainable energy generation technology that converts biomass into syngas products. At the same time, gasification media (GM) can change the core reaction principle of gasification reaction, resulting in different syngas compositions, yields and efficiencies. The appropriate selection of GM is an important way to improve the economy and performance of gasification technology. This review provides an overview of the GM currently used for gasification, which fall into two main categories: gas (air, O2, steam, H2, CO2 and High-temperature flue gas (HTFG)) and solid (metal oxides and sulphates and natural ore, and industrial slag) GM with the monomers and complexes. Moreover, the principles, advantages, bottlenecks and application scenarios of various GM involved in the gasification reaction are described. In the further, potential proposals such as the application and precise control of multi GM, industrial preparation for full-scale and integration of gasification with other technologies, may be the development directions for GM. This work provides insights and references for the selection of GM to achieve efficient conversion of substrates into syngas during the gasification process.