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Energy storage capacity planning for cross-regional resource complementarity: a cooperative game framework

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  • Lin, Zheng
  • Lou, Suhua
  • Liu, Chun

Abstract

The share of installed renewable capacity is expected to continue rising, driven by environmental and decarbonization goals. However, resource profiles and development conditions vary substantially across regions. This paper proposes a cooperative game framework for energy storage capacity planning to enhance cross-regional resource complementarity and utilization capabilities. First, the method combining K-Medoids and shapeDTW is employed to cluster planning scenarios based on the characteristics of renewable energy and load. Then, under the cooperative game framework, energy storage capacity planning and optimize operation method in cross-regional power system is developed to reduce energy storage planning and system operating costs across regions while preserving the privacy of each region. Finally, the cross-regional resource compensation strategy based on Nash bargaining is established to achieve a win-win outcome within the cooperative game framework. A decentralized distributed solution method using the enhanced Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) is adopted to solve the cross-regional energy storage capacity planning and resource compensation strategies. The case study utilizes the modified HRP 38-bus power system. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed cooperative game framework improves the utilization of cross-regional renewable energy and reduces the planning and operating costs of energy storage in the cross-regional power system. Furthermore, the results confirm the cost advantages achieved by each region under the cooperative game framework.

Suggested Citation

  • Lin, Zheng & Lou, Suhua & Liu, Chun, 2026. "Energy storage capacity planning for cross-regional resource complementarity: a cooperative game framework," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 406(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:406:y:2026:i:c:s0306261925020240
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.127294
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