A coordinated optimization strategy for Charging Station siting and EV dispatch based on response costs: A case study of Chicago

This paper addresses the issue of response costs in the process of electric vehicles (EVs) participating in grid dispatch and proposes a coordinated optimization strategy for charging station siting and EV dispatch based on response costs. The strategy was validated and analyzed using actual driving data from over 4 million vehicles in Chicago, USA. Firstly, the strategy employs a two-level clustering algorithm that comprehensively considers the relationship between different grid states and the corresponding EV conditions, optimizing the locations of charging stations. This optimization reduces the average distance for EV response dispatch across Chicago by 0.3004 km. Subsequently, a distributed dispatch strategy based on adjustable capacity assessment parameters is proposed, which takes into account both the number of EVs and their proximity to charging stations. This strategy enhances the adjustable capacity of EVs around charging stations while reducing the response costs of participating EVs by 18.70 %, thereby significantly improving their willingness to respond. Finally, the necessity of coordinating charging station siting and EV dispatch, along with the advantages of the proposed strategy, is validated through experimental results.