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Design and optimization of a hydrogen supply chain using a centralized storage model

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  • Seo, Seung-Kwon
  • Yun, Dong-Yeol
  • Lee, Chul-Jin

Abstract

This study involves the construction of a hydrogen supply chain optimization model using a centralized storage model that combines and consolidates flows of hydrogen from different production sites into integrated bulk storage. To supply hydrogen to a fuel cell electric vehicle station, various hydrogen supply pathways and storage configurations for different types of production technologies and transportation modes are considered. In terms of the topological structure, the centralized storage model requires fewer storage areas than the decentralized storage model. The results show that a hydrogen supply chain with a centralized storage structure advances the phase transition of central hydrogen production plants and reduces the total annual cost of the entire supply chain. The optimal hydrogen pathway is on-site steam methane reforming production in the early markets for fuel-cell electric vehicles. However, in matured markets, hydrogen is liquefied in central production plants and stored in bulk storages equipped with vaporizers. Then, the hydrogen is distributed from the central storage areas to local refueling stations via pipelines. The role of central storage areas is predicted to become important as market shares of fuel cell electric vehicle reach 15–30%; in other words, 0.28–0.56 million tonne/year of hydrogen will be demanded in 20 cities of South Korea.

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  • Seo, Seung-Kwon & Yun, Dong-Yeol & Lee, Chul-Jin, 2020. "Design and optimization of a hydrogen supply chain using a centralized storage model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:262:y:2020:i:c:s0306261919321403
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114452
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    14. Sungmi Bae & Eunhan Lee & Jinil Han, 2020. "Multi-Period Planning of Hydrogen Supply Network for Refuelling Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles in Urban Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-23, May.
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    17. Tian Zhao & Zhixin Liu, 2023. "Investment Timing Analysis of Hydrogen-Refueling Stations and the Case of China: Independent or Co-Operative Investment?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-17, June.
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    19. Kim, Ayeon & Yoo, Youngdon & Kim, Suhyun & Lim, Hankwon, 2021. "Comprehensive analysis of overall H2 supply for different H2 carriers from overseas production to inland distribution with respect to economic, environmental, and technological aspects," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 422-432.
    20. Sánchez, Antonio & Martín, Mariano & Zhang, Qi, 2021. "Optimal design of sustainable power-to-fuels supply chains for seasonal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).

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