IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ebl/ecbull/eb-23-00139.html

Workplace sanitation and female labour force participation in the informal sector

Author

Listed:
  • Lokesh Posti

    (Jindal Global Business School, OP JINDAL GLOBAL UNIVERSITY, Sonipat, India)

  • Rajan Khare

    (University of British Columbia - Okanagan Campus)

  • Rahul Kumar

    (Indian Institute of Management Sambalpur)

Abstract

This study focuses on the issue of sanitation in developing countries impacting female labour force participation. Using the context of the informal sector, which, although marginalised, supports a sizable share of the workers in the economy, we analyse National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) 73rd round survey, 2015-16, on informal firms. We find a positive impact of toilet availability on the share of female workers in an informal firm. Heterogeneity concerns were addressed by categorising firms into different sizes as per the MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) classification, and endogeneity concerns were addressed using instrumental variable (IV) regression and propensity score matching (PSM) technique.

Suggested Citation

  • Lokesh Posti & Rajan Khare & Rahul Kumar, 2023. "Workplace sanitation and female labour force participation in the informal sector," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 43(3), pages 1411-1420.
    • Handle: RePEc:ebl:ecbull:eb-23-00139
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.accessecon.com/Pubs/EB/2023/Volume43/EB-23-V43-I3-P120.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Emily Oster, 2019. "Unobservable Selection and Coefficient Stability: Theory and Evidence," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(2), pages 187-204, April.
    2. Ashraf, Nava & Karlan, Dean & Yin, Wesley, 2010. "Female Empowerment: Impact of a Commitment Savings Product in the Philippines," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 333-344, March.
    3. Sangwan, Nikita & Kumar, Shalander, 2021. "Labor force participation of rural women and the household’s nutrition: Panel data evidence from SAT India," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    4. Dharam GHAI, 2003. "Decent work: Concept and indicators," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 142(2), pages 113-145, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Chong & Lu, Wenyi & Yuan, Ye, 2025. "The quiet revolution: Send-down movement and female empowerment in China," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    2. Denly, Michael & Helms, Benjamin, 2025. "A Report on "Corruption and Co-optation in Autocracy: Evidence from Russia"," I4R Discussion Paper Series 260, The Institute for Replication (I4R).
    3. Guirong Li & Jiajia Xu & Liying Li & Zhaolei Shi & Hongmei Yi & James Chu & Elena Kardanova & Yanyan Li & Prashant Loyalka & Scott Rozelle, 2020. "The Impacts of Highly Resourced Vocational Schools on Student Outcomes in China," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 28(6), pages 125-150, November.
    4. Pritchett, Lant, 2024. "Rely (only) on the rigorous evidence” is bad advice," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 119818, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    5. Mikel Bedayo & Raquel Vegas & Gabriel Jiménez & José-Luis Peydró, 2020. "Screening and Loan Origination Time: Lending Standards, Loan Defaults and Bank Failures," Working Papers 1215, Barcelona School of Economics.
    6. Roxana Elena Manea, 2021. "School Feeding Programmes, Education and Food Security in Rural Malawi," CIES Research Paper series 63-2020, Centre for International Environmental Studies, The Graduate Institute.
    7. Awaworyi Churchill, Sefa & Smyth, Russell & Trinh, Trong-Anh, 2022. "Energy poverty, temperature and climate change," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    8. Park, Timothy & Martinez, Steve & Ibrahim, Mohammed, . "Sales Performance of Local Food Marketers: Evaluation of Multivalued Treatment Effects," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 49(3).
    9. Otrachshenko, Vladimir & Popova, Olga, 2026. "Environment vs. economic growth: Do environmental preferences translate into support for Green parties?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    10. Michael E. Martell & Peyton Nash, 2020. "For Love and Money? Earnings and Marriage Among Same-Sex Couples," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 41(3), pages 260-294, September.
    11. Stefano Colonnello & Mariela Dal Borgo, 2024. "Raising Household Leverage: Evidence from Co-Financed Mortgages," Working Papers 2024: 01, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    12. Upasak Das & Rupayan Pal & Udayan Rathore & Bibhas Saha, 2023. "Rein in pandemic by pricing vaccine: Does social trust matter?," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2023-008, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    13. Lin Liang & Yuewen Guo & Yan Li & Dongheng Han, 2025. "How can China’s manufacturing industry achieve better development? A carbon resilience perspective based on the system GMM model," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-19, December.
    14. Guirola, Luis, 2025. "Economic expectations under the shadow of party polarization: Evidence from 135 government changes," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    15. Maja Adena & Julian Harke, 2022. "COVID-19 and pro-sociality: How do donors respond to local pandemic severity, increased salience, and media coverage?," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 25(3), pages 824-844, June.
    16. Charlotte Bartels & Simon Jäger & Natalie Obergruber, 2024. "Long-Term Effects of Equal Sharing: Evidence from Inheritance Rules for Land," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 134(664), pages 3137-3172.
    17. Wonhyung Lee & Nurul Widyaningrum, 2019. "Multidimensional access to financial services: Insights from Indonesia," Progress in Development Studies, , vol. 19(1), pages 21-35, January.
    18. Chenzi Xu, 2022. "Reshaping Global Trade: The Immediate and Long-Run Effects of Bank Failures [“Shift-Share Designs: Theory and Inference,”]," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Oxford University Press, vol. 137(4), pages 2107-2161.
    19. D'Haultfoeuille, Xavier & Gaillac, Christophe & Maurel, Arnaud, 2024. "Linear Regressions with Combined Data," TSE Working Papers 24-1602, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
    20. Quitterie Roquebert & Jonathan Sicsic & Thomas Rapp, 2021. "Health measures and long-term care use in the European frail population," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 22(3), pages 405-423, April.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • J4 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ebl:ecbull:eb-23-00139. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: John P. Conley (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.