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Herausforderungen bei der Allokation von Strom aus fluktuierenden erneuerbaren Energien: Probleme und mögliche Lösungskonzepte

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  • Eva Hauser
  • Alexander Zipp

Abstract

The intended transformation of the energy supply system will completely change the rationality of the electricity system by establishing the variable renewable energies (VRE, that is wind, photovoltaic and large parts of the run-of-the-river hydroelectricity) as its formative pillar. As they are not reliant on fuels to produce electricity, they run without marginal costs and with very low emissions. However, their production can only be precisely predicted on the short term which causes the need for a high flexibility of the remaining electricity generators and other flexibility options. The fundamental characteristics of the VRE require an adjustment of the present market-based processes concerning the power plant dispatch and the allocation of the generated VRE-electricity amounts. This article presents the developed suggestions for a real time transfer of the VRE and the residual load market and discusses possible implementations of these new allocation mechanisms. Der angestrebte Umbau der Energieversorgung wird die Rationalität des Stromsystems vollständig verändern, indem die fluktuierenden erneuerbaren Energien (FEE, das heißt Wind, Photovoltaik und große Teile der Laufwasserkraft) zu den prägenden Systemsäulen werden. Die FEE sollen sukzessive die elektrische Arbeit, die heute von fossil-nuklear betriebenen Kraftwerken bereitgestellt wird, substituieren. Die FEE unterscheiden sich jedoch fundamental von steuerbaren Stromerzeugungstechnologien: Sie sind als nicht brennstoffbasierte Stromerzeugungstechnologien annähernd frei von variablen Kosten und sehr emissionsarm. Gleichzeitig sind sie nur recht kurzfristig präzise prognostizierbar und benötigen eine hohe Flexibilität der übrigen Stromerzeuger und weiterer Flexibilitätsoptionen. Diese grundlegenden Charakteristika der FEE bedingen eine Anpassung der bestehenden marktlichen Prozesse des Kraftwerksdispatches und eine Weiterentwicklung der Allokation der erzeugten FEE-Strommengen. In diesem Beitrag werden die hierfür entwickelten Vorschläge einer Echtzeitwälzung der FEE und des Residuallastmarktes vorgestellt und begründet sowie mögliche Formen ihrer Ausgestaltung diskutiert.

Suggested Citation

  • Eva Hauser & Alexander Zipp, 2013. "Herausforderungen bei der Allokation von Strom aus fluktuierenden erneuerbaren Energien: Probleme und mögliche Lösungskonzepte," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 82(3), pages 155-169.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:82-3-10
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.82.3.155
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lehmann, Paul & Gawel, Erik, 2013. "Why should support schemes for renewable electricity complement the EU emissions trading scheme?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 597-607.
    2. Paul L. Joskow, 2011. "Comparing the Costs of Intermittent and Dispatchable Electricity Generating Technologies," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(3), pages 238-241, May.
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    JEL classification:

    • D47 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Market Design
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q42 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Alternative Energy Sources

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